Sudebno-meditsinskaia ekspertiza
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Case Reports
[The reconstruction of gunshot circumstances by means of situational forensic medical expertise].
The authors discuss the objective potential of situational forensic medical expertise for the determination of the direction and the distance of a gunshot as well as the position of the gun in the shooter's hand. The use of fundamental theoretical propositions determining the essence of the form of expertise being considered is illustrated by an example from forensic medical practice.
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This paper is focused on the forensic medical evaluation of the severity of the harm to health of the subjects suffering an ankle joint (AJ) injury. The retrospective data pertinent to the forensic medical evaluation of ankle joint injuries are presented in conjunction with the methods for their clinical diagnostics currently applied in traumatology and orthopedics and by the specialists in socio-medical expertise for the assessment of the efficacy of the surgical treatment, prognosis, and rehabilitation of the affected patients.
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An important aspect of the problem of iatrogenic poisoning is the lack of comprehensive relevant information. Many experts employed at the bureaus of forensic medical expertise believe that this problem can be resolved only based on a multifaceted approach. The results of questionnaire studies and cause-and-effect analysis allowed the following recommendations to be proposed for addressing the problem under consideration: making a minimal list of equipments necessary to maintain activities of forensic medical departments, updating the list of toxic substances to be studied in the laboratories of bureaus of forensic medical expertise, modification of the reporting form No 42 to be filled by such bureaus. The optimal approach is thought to be the equipment of all bureaus in compliance with the universal requirements, introduction of standard methods and technologies for the analysis of the materials included in the list of toxic substances to be determined.
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The medical documentation pertaining to 767 victims of traffic accidents was revised. These subjects were classified in the acute post-traumatic period as experiencing serious harm to health in terms of the qualifying sign "substantial persistent loss of at least of one third of general working ability" (SPLGWA) based on the results of primary examination. It was shown that in the course of therapeutic and rehabilitative treatment of the subjects with bone fractures listed in articles 6.11.1, 6.11.2, 6.11.4 to 6.11.10 of the Medical Criteria most of the patients have their compromised functions repaired up to complete recovery of the working ability. According to the repeated evaluation the substantial (35%) loss of the working ability persisted only in 25.8% of the victims. 56.7% of the victims were estimated to have lost 10-30% of their working ability; SPLGWA was absent in 17.5% of the examined subjects.