Sudebno-meditsinskaia ekspertiza
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We studied feasibility of expert purposes solution in examination of gunshot bullet injuries by investigation traces of microparticles of tissues expulsed from the wounds and settled near the victim. Laws of such traces formation are established, feasibility of localization of the place of wounding, of the shot direction finding, definition of the gender, group, species of bioobject is shown.
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Gunshot fractures in flat bones, bullet defects in the continuum were studied in experiment. The laws of gunshot fracture formation were formulated. ⋯ The direct blow induces comminution and disintegration of the bone tissue with dislocation of bone fragments; radial blow potentiates bone destruction. Morphological characteristics of gunshot fractures of flat bones depend on the force of the direct and radial impact action and can be used for estimation of the far shot distance, kinetic energy and shape of the head of the shell.
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By the law of the Russian Federation, forensic medical examination is obligatory to assess damage to health in chest and low back spinal traumas. In persons who survived spinal trauma the assessment of its severity is regulated by the rules of assessment of the severity of bodily damage and harm to health. Difficulties arising in this assessment are outlined. Damage to health is proposed to be evaluated not only by clinical data on the condition of the patients but also by macro- and microscopic results of forensic-medical examination of the dead body, by the presence and severity of edema of the spinal cord tissue.
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Quantitative characteristics and application of different spectral methods are compared in experiment. Stab and gunshot wounds were studied by roentgenospectral fluorescent and emission spectral analyses. The above spectral methods detected significant quantities of alien material on the wounds depending on the kind of the weapon.