Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
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Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in the home continues to be a major health risk for children around the world. Measuring ETS is a central feature of clinical and epidemiological studies, with children's exposure often assessed through parental estimates. The authors examined the relationship between parent-reported estimates of children's exposure to ETS and children's urinary cotinine levels and evaluated the ETS exposure and its effect on respiratory health in children. ⋯ To evaluate the level of ETS exposure of children, the parents' reports were not reliable. The addition of a biological measure results in a more informative estimate of ETS exposure in children.
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Children often require relief of pain and anxiety when undergoing painful procedures. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of painful pediatric procedures performed by pediatric intensivist, using the combination of intravenous ketamine and midazolam for sedation and analgesia. ⋯ Skilled pediatric intensivists can safely and effectively administer ketamine and midazolam to facilitate painful procedures outside the operating room setting.
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The aim was to investigate the role of physical and radiological findings before bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of foreign body aspiration (FBA). ⋯ Our study confirmed that clinical symptoms and radiological findings before bronchoscopy have a low diagnostic value in children with a history of FBA.