Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine
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J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med · Sep 2007
A potentized homeopathic drug, Arsenicum Album 200, can ameliorate genotoxicity induced by repeated injections of arsenic trioxide in mice.
Groundwater arsenic contamination has become a menacing global problem. No drug is available until now to combat chronic arsenic poisoning. To examine if a potentized homeopathic remedy, Arsenicum Album-200, can effectively combat chronic arsenic toxicity induced by repeated injections of Arsenic trioxide in mice, the following experimental design was adopted. ⋯ Two other control groups were also maintained: one receiving only normal diet, and the other receiving normal diet and succussed alcohol. Several toxicity assays, such as cytogenetical (chromosome aberrations, micronuclei, mitotic index, sperm head anomaly) and biochemical (acid and alkaline phosphatases, lipid peroxidation), were periodically made. Compared with controls, the drug fed mice showed reduced toxicity at statistically significant levels in respect of all the parameters studied, thereby indicating protective potentials of the homeopathic drug against chronic arsenic poisoning.
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J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med · Nov 2006
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of two different dosages of dobutamine on pulmonary artery wedge pressure, systemic arterial blood pressure and heart rate in anaesthetized horses.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of two different dobutamine concentrations on pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) and on mean systemic arterial blood pressure (MAP) in horses anaesthetized with isoflurane, after induction of general anaesthesia with xylazine, ketamine and diazepam. Eight healthy warm-blood horses were included in the study. Each horse was subjected to general anaesthesia twice with two different dosages of dobutamine, 3 and 5 microg/kg bw/min, being infused over 15 min, starting 50 min after induction of general anaesthesia (T(0)). ⋯ The greater increase in PAWP was observed during administration of 5 g/kg bw/min dobutamine, but PAWP was not significantly different with the dosage of 3 microg/kg bw/min dobutamine. In conclusion, the administration of dobutamine led to an increase in MAP and PAWP above a value considered to be compatible with a good peripheral circulation. The results of the present study indicate that dobutamine improves circulation, in addition to its well-known effect on the periphery.
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J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med · Oct 2006
Influence of Escherichia coli endotoxin-induced endotoxaemia on the pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin after intravenous administration in rabbits.
The main goal of present study was to determine the effects of an Escherichia coli endotoxin-induced endotoxaemic status on disposition of enrofloxacin after a single intravenous dose (5 mg/kg) in rabbits. Septic shock was induced by the i.v. bolus administration at a single dose of E. coli lipopolysaccharide. Six adult New Zealand White rabbits were used. ⋯ Total plasma clearance (Cl(T)) decreased from 2.11 (l/h/kg) in healthy animals to 1.50 (l/h/kg) in rabbits with septic shock, which is related to an increase in the AUC(0-->infinity). In endotoxaemic rabbits, volume of distribution at steady state (V(dss) = 3.61 l/kg) was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than in healthy animals (V(dss) = 4.97 l/kg). However, the elimination half-life of enrofloxacin was not affected by lipopolysaccharide administration.
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J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med · Oct 2006
Xylazine, ketamine and their combination for lumbar epidural analgesia in water buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis).
The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of xylazine individually (0.05 mg/kg), ketamine individually (2.5 mg/kg), and a combination of xylazine and ketamine (0.05 mg/kg and 2.5 mg/kg) after lumbar epidural administration in water buffalo calves. Fifteen non-descript, male water buffalo calves of 6-8 months of age weighing between 55 and 75 kg were randomly placed in three groups (groups A, B and C). The agents were administered at the first lumbar epidural space. ⋯ However, total proteins and albumin decreased in the three groups. The plasma electrolytes sodium, potassium and chloride did not show any significant change. The results of this study indicated a possible synergistic analgesic interaction between epidurally administered xylazine and ketamine, without causing any marked systemic effects in water buffalo calves.
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J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med · Sep 2006
Effect of vitamin E supplementation on lymphocyte distribution in gut-associated lymphoid tissues obtained from weaned piglets.
Fifteen piglets were used to determine the effect of vitamin E supplementation on the number of CD4-immunoreactive (CD4+) T-lymphocytes, CD8-immunoreactive (CD8+) T-lymphocytes and IgA-immunoreactive (IgA+) B-lymphocytes per follicle in the Peyer's patch of distal ileum and the mesenteric lymph nodes of weaned piglets. Piglets, following a 3-day adaptation period after weaning, were assigned to one of three experimental groups: control (no vitamin E supplementation), vitamin E supplementation of 100 mg/kg of diet and vitamin E supplementation of 300 mg/kg of diet. Supplementation of vitamin E lasted for a period of 36 days. ⋯ Vitamin E supplementation had no effect (P > 0.05) on the number of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes in the follicles of the Peyer's patch and the adjacent mesenteric lymph nodes. Thus, vitamin E had relatively minor effects on distribution of the major immunocompetent cells in the gut. The numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes as well as IgA+ B-lymphocytes per follicle were higher by 26-77% (P < 0.05) in the mesenteric lymph nodes than the corresponding values in the Peyer's patch.