Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine
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J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med · Feb 2002
Prevention of scours in neonatal kids after oral administration of an organic acid solution.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate under field conditions, the efficacy of mild organic acid solutions in the prevention of neonatal kid diarrhoea. At a goat farm, two experimental groups of approximately 120 kids each were formed. The kids of the first group were not submitted to any treatment and served as negative controls, whereas the kids of the second group received a solution of organic acids (Euroacid 50-L; Eurotec, Waterloo, Belgium) which was administered orally on the first and second day of life. ⋯ Furthermore, the duration of diarrhoea per sick kid was markedly reduced in the acidifier-treated group in comparison with the control animals (P < 0.05). Cultures of the diarrhoeic faeces from kids indicated that enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli, and more specifically strains that were positive for K88 and K99 antigens, were present in the particular farm. It was concluded that the administration of organic acids can be a helpful means in controlling scours in neonatal kids.
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J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med · Dec 2001
The influence of ventilation mode (spontaneous ventilation, IPPV and PEEP) on cardiopulmonary parameters in sevoflurane anaesthetized dogs.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the cardiopulmonary influences of sevoflurane in oxygen at two anaesthetic concentrations (1.5 and 2 MAC) during spontaneous and controlled ventilation in dogs. After premedication with fentany-droperidol (5 microg/kg and 0.25 mg/kg intramuscularly) and induction with propofol (6 mg/kg intravenously) six dogs were anaesthetized for 3 h. Three types of ventilation were compared: spontaneous ventilation (SpV), intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV), and positive end expiratory pressure ventilation (PEEP, 5 cm H2O). ⋯ The influences of artificial respiration on cardiopulmonary parameters during 1.5 MAC sevoflurane anaesthesia were minimal. In contrast, PEEP ventilation during 2 MAC concentration had more pronounced negative influences, especially on right cardiac parameters. In conclusion, at 1.5 MAC, a surgical anaesthesia level, sevoflurane can be used safely in healthy dogs during spontaneous and controlled ventilation (IPPV and PEEP of 5 cm H2O).
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J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med · Sep 2001
Recovery times and evaluation of clinical hemodynamic parameters of sevoflurane, isoflurane and halothane anaesthesia in mongrel dogs.
In the present study the influence of three volatile agents (halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane) in oxygen at two concentrations [1.5 and 2 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC)] on non-invasive cardio-respiratory parameters (heart and respirators rates, non-invasive blood pressures at 15, 30, 60 min and after extubation) and on the recovery times (appearance of the first eyelid reflex, emergence time) after clinical anaesthesia was studied. After premedication with fentanyl-droperidol (5 microg/kg and 0.25 mg/kg, intramuscularly) and induction with propofol (5 mg/kg, intravenously) six dogs were randomly anaesthetized for 1 h for a standard neurologic stimulation test. A wide individual variation in respiration rate (induced by an initial hyperpnea) was observed in the 1.5 MAC protocols, without significant differences. ⋯ The time for a first eyelid reflex was significantly longer after 2 MAC compared to the 1.5 MAC protocol. There was no significant difference between the three anaesthetic agents. Although emergence time was longest for halothane at both anaesthetic concentrations, no significant difference in emergence time was observed for the three volatile agents.
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J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med · Jun 2001
Comparative StudyEffects of sevoflurane, isoflurane and halotane anaesthesia on fluorescein angiographic phases of dogs: a comparative study.
A fluorescein angiography method was developed to compare the onset and the total duration of the fluorangiographic phases between three anaesthetic protocols in six healthy mixed-breed dogs. The animals were anaesthetized three times. Each dog received, as pre-anaesthetic protocol, atropine (10 micrograms/kg intramuscularly), and as a sedative, romifidine (80 micrograms/kg intravenously). ⋯ There were no significant differences between protocols in I1, I2 or I3. HAL produced a significant increase of all temporal variables (TA, TAV and TV) when compared with ISO; TA was higher in HAL than SEVO-treated dogs. All protocols appear to be safe and effective for inducing and maintaining general anaesthesia in healthy dogs for performing fluorescein angiography.
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J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med · May 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of medetomidine and dexmedetomidine as premedication in isoflurane anaesthesia for orthopaedic surgery in domestic sheep.
The objective of the present study was to determine the potency of dexmedetomidine in relation to medetomidine in sheep undergoing orthopaedic surgery by comparing the anaesthetic requirements and cardiovascular changes at a dose relationship that represented equipotency in vitro. Twenty-four non-pregnant, female sheep were used. The study was carried out as a blind, randomized, experimental trial. ⋯ Average mean PaO2 were 279.54 +/- 113.37 mmHg and 220.21 +/- 102.15 mmHg with individual minimum values of 27.2 mmHg and 58.5 mmHg in groups 1 and 2, respectively. In conclusion, intravenous dexmedetomidine at 5 micrograms/kg BW and medetomidine at 10 micrograms/kg BW have the same effects on isoflurane requirements and cardiopulmonary parameters in sheep, indicating an equipotent dose relationship. Both preparations induced moderate to severe hypoxaemia in individual sheep.