Journal of National Black Nurses' Association : JNBNA
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J Natl Black Nurses Assoc · Dec 2010
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA comparison of lidocaine versus normal saline for local anesthesia before intravenous cannula insertion.
A number of studies have found that one of the leading causes of patient dissatisfaction with nursing care is directly related to the pain associated with the method of IV (intravenous) cannulation. The purpose of this study was to identify which solution, lidocaine hydrochloride 1% (LIDO), normal saline with preservatives (NSP), or normal saline without preservatives (NS), would have the best local anesthetic effect, as reported by patients, for venous cannulation. The research design was a randomized, double-blind study that compared three solutions for their anesthetic effect during initiation of peripheral IV catheters. ⋯ The Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale was used to measure the amount of pain. Data analysis was completed using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Scheffé test (Post-Hoc ANOVA). Findings from this study indicated that LIDO and NSP provided equal anesthetic effects.
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J Natl Black Nurses Assoc · Dec 2007
Comparative StudyPatient perspectives on disparities in healthcare from African-American, Asian, Hispanic, and Native American samples including a secondary analysis of the Institute of Medicine focus group data.
The existence of racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare in the United States is well recognized. However, often overlooked in the planning and design of initiatives to address those disparities are the patient perspectives regarding the issues of racial and ethnic disparities that directly affect them. The objective of this study was to identify the patient priorities and to provide recommendations for action to improve minority health-care quality. ⋯ The barriers and priorities for action included difficulty in making informed choices when identifying and selecting providers, poor service delivery from medical office staff, the inefficiency of medical visits, provider communication and cultural competence barriers, and stressful treatment settings. Patient recommendations targeted provision of tools to empower patients throughout the process of care, provider and staff training in communication and cultural competence, alternate models of service delivery, and accessible mechanisms for evaluation and oversight. This study concluded that patient-identified priorities and recommendations warranted modification of current explanatory models for minority health-care quality and the provision of greater clarity regarding directions for policy and behavioral initiatives and criteria for performance evaluation be advanced.
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J Natl Black Nurses Assoc · Jul 2007
ReviewDisparities in utilization of coronary artery disease treatment by gender, race, and ethnicity: opportunities for prevention.
Racial, ethnic, (R/E) and gender disparities in access to health services in the United States and their relationship to adverse health outcomes are well established. Despite an increase in evidence-based cardiovascular treatment, gender, racial, and ethnic disparities in coronary artery disease (CAD) treatment persist. There is neither currently a comprehensive framework for understanding why disparities occur in cardiovascular disease care, nor viable solutions for intervention. ⋯ Unfortunately, there is a dearth of intervention strategies to reduce racial, ethnic, and gender disparities in coronary artery disease. Comprehensive solutions will require addressing the barriers at the system, the provider, and the patient level. An early intervention approach that addresses multiple risk factors should be a high priority.
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J Natl Black Nurses Assoc · Jul 2006
Risky sexual behaviors of adolescents in rural Malawi: evidence from focus groups.
Little is known about rural Malawian adolescents' perceptions of their sexual behavior and what would constitute an effective HIV risk-reduction program. This study explored the perceptions of Malawain adolescents using qualitative description research with focus groups. ⋯ For example, parental involvement and support for sexual abstinence were among the issues discussed. It is essential that HIV risk-reduction programs create ways of involving parents and of enhancing adolescents' HIV risk-reduction skills by helping them to change peer norms and to develop negotiation and assertiveness skills to in order to resist peer pressure.