[Nihon kōshū eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health
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Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi · Jan 2019
Comparative Study[Actual status of children with food allergies and food provision at residential nurseries and children's care homes: Comparison of groups using and not using guidelines or manuals].
Objectives To elucidate the actual status of children with food allergies and the measures of allergy-appropriate food provisions at residential nurseries and children's care homes. We also compared institutions that used guidelines, manuals, etc. with those that did not. Methods Self-administered questionnaires were administered to residential nurseries and children's care homes in Japan. ⋯ In addition, strong correlations were found for the following: children who experienced anaphylactic shock during the previous 3 years (9.72) and children admitted without confirmation of a food allergy (3.12). Conclusions When rule-based approaches were established, the preparation of information collection forms, revision of information, and reporting of food provision mistakes proceeded more efficiently than when rule-based approaches were not used. Although the prevalence of children experiencing anaphylactic shock and the cases in which information was not confirmed at admission were higher in the institutions using guidelines, this survey revealed that when guidelines were followed, appropriate measures were taken after the admission of children to the institution and that physicians' medical diagnoses were obtained.
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Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi · Jan 2017
[Impact of frailty and metabolic syndrome on the incidence of loss of independence in community-dwelling older Japanese: the Kusatsu-town study].
Objectives To investigate the relationship between frailty, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and loss of independence leading to the onset of disability or death among community-dwelling older Japanese. Methods Between 2002 and 2011, we conducted a 7-year prospective study involving 1,453 residents aged 65 years and over, initially free of disability, who underwent a comprehensive geriatric assessment in Kusatsu town. Statistical analysis was conducted for those with complete values, resulting in a variable number of subjects for each data point. ⋯ Conclusions Frailty was significantly associated with incident loss of independence among elderly Japanese. The presence of MetS had no effect on subsequent onset of disability and mortality in elderly Japanese. Our findings suggest screening and intervention for frailty in the early stage of aging are beneficial to prolong healthy life expectancy of elderly Japanese.
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Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi · Jan 2016
[Association between evacuation condition and habitual physical activity in Great East Japan Earthquake evacuees: The Fukushima Health Management Survey].
Objectives: Prevalence of life-style disease has increased dramatically in evacuees due to the Great East Japan Earthquake. One reason may be that physical activity level decreased from life environment changes due to evacuation. However, associations between evacuation condition and habitual physical activity have not been studied. ⋯ Conclusion: Habitual physical activity in residents who lived in 13 municipal evacuation zone differed by disaster living place and current living status, while it was similar regardless of placement in the prefecture. In particular, prevalence was the lowest in participants who lived in rental housing/ apartment. We need to plan and perform additional life-style disease prevention strategies for participants who become isolated.
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Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi · Jan 2016
Differences between family caregivers and people with dementia in recognizing the difficulties encountered in the lives of people with dementia.
Objectives Dementia brings new difficulties in the lives of people with this disorder. It is important that family caregivers accurately recognize these difficulties to help their family members live fulfilling lives. Based on information gathered from people with dementia, family caregivers, and nurses providing medical care to this population, this study compared the differences in perspectives related to the difficulties associated with dementia between the family member with dementia and the family caregiver. ⋯ Conclusion The present results clarified the differences between family caregivers and people with dementia by recognizing the difficulties in life experienced by people with dementia. Such difficulties are not solved by the care performed by family caregivers alone. Further investigation is needed to identify those factors that enable people with dementia to live fulfilling lives.