Topics in spinal cord injury rehabilitation
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Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil · Jan 2012
Motor and gait improvement in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury induced by high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.
To assess the effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on lower extremities motor score (LEMS) and gait in patients with motor incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI). ⋯ High-frequency rTMS over the leg motor area can improve LEMS, spasticity, and gait in patients with motor incomplete SCI.
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Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil · Jan 2012
Secondary Complications in SCI Across the Continuum: Using Operations Research to Predict the Impact and Optimize Management Strategies.
Secondary complications following traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) have a tremendous impact on quality of life and health care costs. Although some complications result from the injury itself, many originate from the care provided; complications arising early in the tSCI journey can predispose an individual to recurrence later. To measure the total impact of secondary complications on patient outcomes and health care costs, all the stages of care, from first response to life in the community, must be spanned. ⋯ In this article, we focus on the part of the model concerning common secondary complications (eg, pressure ulcers, pneumonia). We first describe early results from the model, discuss how the effects from the complications impact care throughout the tSCI continuum, and review assumptions of the model. The article concludes with a discussion as to the possible uses of the model, their strengths/limitations, and future directions.
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Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil · Jan 2012
Outcome Measures for Acute/Subacute Cervical Sensorimotor Complete (AIS-A) Spinal Cord Injury During a Phase 2 Clinical Trial.
Effective treatment after cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) is imperative as so many activities of daily living (ADLs) are dependent on functional recovery of arm and hand actions. We focus on defining and comparing neurological and functional endpoints that might be used during acute or subacute Phase 2 clinical trials involving subjects with cervical sensorimotor complete SCI (ASIA Impairment Scale [AIS-A]). For the purposes of this review, the trial would examine the effects of a pharmaceutical small molecule, drug, biologic, or cell transplant on spinal tissue. ⋯ The principal comparisons focused on elements of the ISNCSCI assessment, including upper extremity motor score and motor level. Personal activity capabilities were also examined at various time points. The data suggest that an improvement of 2 or more motor levels after cervical sensorimotor complete SCI may be a clinically meaningful endpoint threshold that could be used for acute and subacute Phase 2 trials with subjects having sensorimotor complete cervical SCI.