Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses
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The objective of this study was to calculate the effect of Reiki therapy for pain and anxiety in randomized clinical trials. A systematic search of PubMed, ProQuest, Cochrane, PsychInfo, CINAHL, Web of Science, Global Health, and Medline databases was conducted using the search terms pain, anxiety, and Reiki. The Center for Reiki Research also was examined for articles. ⋯ The between group differences ranged from d = 0.32 for decrease of pain in a Reiki versus rest intervention for cancer patients to d = 4.5 for decrease in pain in community dwelling adults. Although the number of studies is limited, based on the size Cohen's d statistics calculated in this review, there is evidence to suggest that Reiki therapy may be effective for pain and anxiety. Continued research using Reiki therapy with larger sample sizes, consistently randomized groups, and standardized treatment protocols is recommended.
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Pediatric pain assessment is a significant issue yet the topic is understudied. Unique challenges, namely reporting biases, are present when assessing pain in children. The aim of this review of the literature is to increase awareness of biases when assessing pain in children, suggest changes in practice, and state priorities for future research. ⋯ An increase in the use of technology in pediatric pain assessment practices may provide opportunities to implement individualized pain assessment in practice. Further research is needed to determine the most reliable methods for pediatric pain assessment including the use of technology. Evidence would assist nurses in determining the best tool to assess each child based on cognitive abilities and developmental level.
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Chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) is a prevalent occurrence and is experienced by adults in their child-rearing years. Communication within the family about parental illness can be formidable, and family members are often uninformed about illness details. To date, there is no research exploring how children and adolescents understand parental chronic pain, a very complex phenomenon, and its related disability. ⋯ Interview transcripts and field notes were analyzed using constant comparative methods. Six ways of understanding parental chronic pain emerged from the data: noticing something is different, wrestling with not knowing, searching for answers, questioning the validity of pain, developing insight into the complexity of pain, and learning important life lessons. Findings shed light on how adolescents understand and attach meaning and significance to parental chronic pain and disability and serve as the basis for the development of personalized family interventions.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Acupoint stimulation to improve analgesia quality for lumbar spine surgical patients.
Lumbar spine surgery has a high incidence of postoperative pain, but this pain is treatable through many methods, including patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Acupoint stimulation could be considered an adjunct to PCA, improving the effectiveness of analgesia for patients recovering from lumbar spine surgery. The current study aimed to examine the effect of acupoint stimulation with PCA on improving analgesia quality after lumbar spine surgery. ⋯ Also found a significant difference among the 3 groups in analgesic consumption and the severity of PONV in the first 72 hours after surgery. The current study shows that the combination of auricular acupressure and TEAS reduced pain intensity, morphine consumption, and PONV severity. Acupoint stimulation could be considered a multimodal analgesia method and an adjunct to PCA for lumbar spine surgery patients.