Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses
-
This report presents up-to-date evidence and expert consensus-based revisions to the ASPMN 2011 guidelines that inform interprofessional clinical decision-making for hospitalized adults receiving opioid analgesics. ⋯ Opioid medications continue to be a major component in the management of acute pain. Clinicians have the primary responsibility for safe and effective pain management. Evidence based monitoring strategies can improve patient safety with opioids.
-
Previous research suggests that racial disparities in patients' reported analgesic adverse effects are partially mediated by the type of opioid prescribed to African Americans despite the presence of certain comorbidities, such as renal disease. ⋯ Both race and insurance type independently predict type of opioid selection for cancer outpatients. Larger clinical studies are needed to fully understand the sources and clinical consequences of racial differences in opioid selection for cancer pain.
-
Adults with persistent pain frequently report cannabis use to help manage their symptoms. The impact of cannabis use on cognition in the presence of concurrent symptoms of depression and anxiety is poorly understood. ⋯ More cannabis use, particularly high CBD products, may be linked with increased symptom burdens and may strengthen relationships between negative affect and cognition. Further cannabis research within persistent pain populations is warranted to add evidence that can assist patients in managing mood and mental processes. Nurses should evaluate how negative affective health symptoms may impact cognition among adults with persistent pain using prescription opioid medications, especially in the context of concurrent cannabis use.