Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses
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This study was conducted to determine the following among a group of female university students: the prevalence of dysmenorrhea; pain severity ratings; methods used to manage dysmenorrhea; and the effect of dysmenorrhea on daily activities, school attendance, and ability to communicate with friends. This cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2009 and February 2010 at a public university located in Istanbul, in the northwest area of Turkey. The study group included 1515 female students. ⋯ Participants who experienced severe pain consulted a physician and that a significant difference existed between the dysmenorrhea rating groups in this regard (p < .001). Severe pain was significantly associated with school absenteeism and limitations in social activities/functioning (p < .001). Dysmenorrhea is highly prevalent among university students and is related to school absenteeism, ability to participate in and enjoy daily activities, and limitations in social activities/functioning.
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Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks are an evolving regional anesthesia technique used as part of postoperative pain management regimens after major abdominal surgery. This article reviews TAP block insertion techniques, commonly used local anesthetics, and recommends nursing care related to TAP blocks.
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A cross sectional study was conducted with the objective to assess the coexistence of self-efficacy and fear avoidance beliefs and establish the associated factors. Data collection was performed (215 individuals with lower back pain at three health services and two industries). The following instruments were used: Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, Beck's Depression Inventory, Piper's Fatigue Scale, Oswestry Disability Index, and the Chronic Pain Self-Efficacy Scale. ⋯ High fear avoidance was associated to the male gender, lower income, depression, and level of disability (p < .001). The analysis of the confidence areas showed that a reduced self-efficacy and increased fear avoidance are related to an increased level of disability (p < .001). Specific intervention strategies must be implemented change these beliefs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of educating parents about distraction to decrease postoperative pain in children at home after tonsillectomy.
Today, parents are more involved with postoperative pain management, because children are discharged as early as possible after surgery. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to determine the effectiveness of educating parents to provide distraction in addition to pharmacologic pain management in decreasing postoperative pain at home for children ages 3 to 7 years. Ninety-three children aged 3-7 years having tonsillectomy at Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland, and their parents were randomized to one of two intervention groups. ⋯ There was no difference in pain intensity between the groups using RM-ANCOVA. However, there was association between pain intensity in the morning on postoperative day 1 and follow-up pain intensity (p < .001). The results from this study support the importance of educating parents of children having tonsillectomy about distraction in addition to educating them about pain medication management.