Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses
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To combat the opioid epidemic, prescribers need accurate information about pediatric home opioid requirements to manage acute pain after surgery. Current opioid use estimates come from retrospective surveys; this study used medication adherence technology (eCAP) to track home opioid use. ⋯ Medication adherence technology (eCAP) is a more rigorous method than self-report to estimate opioid needs and detect early opioid misuse. Additional rigorously designed studies of postoperative opioid use are needed to guide opioid prescribing.
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The aim of the present study was to explore: (1) the feasibility of using color and pain drawing to describe pain; (2) the cultural appropriateness of pain body diagram (PBD); and (3) the cultural meaning of colors used in pain expression within one cultural group-the Hmong residing in the United States. ⋯ The study's findings have implications for how to use colors in pain communication and confirm that PBDs can be used with Hmong patients.
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Case Reports Observational Study
A Pilot Study on Pain Assessment Using the Japanese Version of the Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool.
Critically ill patients experience various types of pain that are difficult to assess because patients cannot communicate verbally due to artificial airways and sustained sedation. The Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) objectively evaluates patients' pain. ⋯ The CPOT-J can assess pain in mechanically ventilated patients, but being immobile results in a score of 0 for body movement (e.g., being immobile while feeling back pain) and is a limitation of the scoring.
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Persons with advanced cancers experience high rates of pain. Nursing interventions for pain, which are tailored to the individual patient, may support motivation to engage in self-management and should include setting of realistic functional goals. For patients with advanced cancer, functional pain goals include personally important activities, measurable across clinical encounters. However, limited evidence exists regarding nursing assessment of functional pain goals. To address this gap, we piloted use of a motivational interviewing intervention. Motivational interviewing is a clinical technique for clarifying goals and related impediments, such as cognitive and emotional factors underlying pain management behaviors. ⋯ Participants were willing to engage in multiple motivational interviewing conversations focused on pain management behaviors related to functional goals. Based on these findings about motivational interviewing for functional goals and patient willingness to set them, these conversations may have a place in clinical care as an element of pain assessment and intervention tailoring.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of Neurofeedback on Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Fibromyalgia is a chronic widespread pain condition that is associated with sleep disturbances and cognitive impairments. Neurofeedback has been demonstrated to improve pain, sleep quality, and fatigue. However, few studies have examined the effect of neurofeedback for patients with fibromyalgia. ⋯ An 8-week neurofeedback training regimen of sensorimotor rhythm and alpha brain waves significantly improved pain severity and interference, fibromyalgia symptom severity, sleep latency, and sustained attention in patients with fibromyalgia.