Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery
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Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi · Feb 2018
[The experimental study on endoplasmic reticulum stress-participated outer hair cell apoptosis in cadherin 23 gene mutant mice].
Objective: To test the mechanism and upstream pathway of outer hair cell apoptosis in Cadherin 23 (Cdh23) gene mutant mice. Method: The mutant Cdh23(erl/erl)(erl) mice were collected as the study group, while the C57BL/6J (B6) mice were chosen as the control group. A total of 70 mice per group were used in this study. ⋯ On the contrary, the CDH23(erl) protein was found to be localized from the top to the nuclei of the OHC in erl mice. Portions of the CDH23(erl) proteins failed to reach the top of the hair bundles and remained in the OHC cytoplasm. Conclusion: As the downstream response of the Cdh23 gene mutation, portions of the mutant CDH23(erl) protein was accumulated in ER lumen resulting in the increase of ER loading and ultimately triggered ER stress and hair cell apoptosis in erl mouse cochleae.
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Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi · Jan 2018
[Evaluation and treatment of children's laryngeal clefts].
Objectives: To provide the experience about the diagnostic process and following management, and to discuss the outcome and predictors in children with laryngeal cleft (LC). Methods: A retrospective case study was conducted at an academic children's hospital. Thirty children were diagnosed as laryngeal cleft between January 2016 and April 2017. ⋯ When routine treatment failed, surgical repair is needed. All the cases with LC type Ⅱ-Ⅲ need surgical repair as soon as possible. For type Ⅳ cases, early diagnosis, appropriate treatment and management help to reduce mortality and morbidity.
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Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi · Jan 2018
[Assessment of psychological status of inpatients with head and neck cancer before surgery].
Objective: To investigate the prevalence and psychosocial characteristics in inpatients with head and neck cancer before surgery. Method: From September 2015 to December 2016, 237 consecutive inpatients with head and neck cancer who had been scheduled for surgery were prospectively enrolled in Department of Head and Neck Surgery of Shanxi Provincial Tumor Hospital. Mental health symptoms were systematically investigated using three psychological instruments: symptom checklist-90 (SCL-90), Zung self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and Zung self-rating depression scale (SDS). ⋯ The SCL-90 scores were significantly higher than those of the normal standard population, including dimension of somatization obsessive-compulsive, anxiety, hostility, phobic-anxiety and psychoticism (t=4.47, 3.04, 2.87, 2.58, 5.46, 4.15 respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusions: This study offers important information regarding psychological status in inpatients with head and neck cancer before surgery. Identifying these patients using proper screening instrument is of great important clinical implications for the early detection, management, and reduction of the distress associated with head and neck cancer.
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Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi · Jan 2018
[Neuromuscular properties of genioglossus activity in healthy adults and obstructive sleep apnea patients].
Upper airway patency closely contact with neuromuscular airway regulation during respiratory, especially the activity of the pharyngeal dilators. The genioglossus is the largest pharyngeal dilators with its contraction playing the most important role in keeping the pharyngeal airway open. In healthy individuals, genioglossus activation shows a negative correlation with pharyngeal collapsibility and upper airway resistance. ⋯ However, in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients, the muscles cannot always compensate for the increased mechanical load, resulting in frequent obstructive breathing events. A number of studies have shown that the collapsibility of upper airway during sleep in OSA patients is closely related to the activity of genioglossus electromyography(GGEMG). The present article describes the current understanding regarding the characters of GGEMG during sleep in healthy adults, as well as the pathophysiology of GGEMG in OSA patients.
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Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi · Sep 2017
[Pediatric laryngeal clefts: an experience in the diagnosis and management of 13 cases].
Objective: To investigate the diagnosis and management of laryngeal cleft. Method: The clinical data of 13 cases of laryngeal cleft treated between 2007 and 2015 was analyzed retrospectively. Results: The children with laryngeal cleft were classified according to the classification of Benjamin-Inglis, as type Ⅰ(11 cases), typeⅡ(1 case) and type Ⅲ(1 case). ⋯ The majority of children with lower type clefts can be managed conservatively. Surgical endoscopy has high success rate when strictly following the indication. Type Ⅲ and Ⅳ clefts have high mortality for usually combining with severe complications and abnormalities.