Japanese journal of infectious diseases
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Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. · Nov 2010
Role of integrons in antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Acinetobacter baumannii.
The relationship between the presence and types of integrons and the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Acinetobacter baumannii was investigated. A total of 134 non-duplicated A. baumannii isolates, 54.5% (n=73) of which were subsequently found to carry class 1 integrons, were collected from a regional hospital in Taiwan between March and September 2007. ⋯ An epidemiological study revealed that the same integron could be found in different unrelated strains. These findings suggest that the presence of integrons in A. baumannii is responsible for both the horizontal transfer of antibiotic-resistance genes related to aminoglycosides and chloramphenicol and also represents a marker of multidrug resistance and epidemic potential.
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Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. · Jul 2010
Prevalence of mupirocin resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from a Malaysian hospital.
Mupirocin is used topically to treat skin infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). One hundred eighty-eight strains (isolated in 2003, 2004, 2007, and 2008) were tested for mupirocin susceptibility using disk diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Mupirocin resistance was detected in 10 (5%) strains with 2 of them showing MIC of 256 mg/l. ⋯ Amplification of agr grouping and SCCmec typing showed that all 10 strains were agr group I and SCCmec type III. Sequence analysis of region X of the spa gene yielded 4 distinct spa types (t037, t363, t421, and t6405) which were clonally related. In conclusion, the rate of mupirocin resistance in Malaysia is still low but is much higher than previous reports in Malaysia.
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Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. · Mar 2010
The rate of device-associated nosocomial infections in a medical surgical intensive care unit of a training and research hospital in Turkey: one-year outcomes.
In the present study, we aimed to assess the rate and effect of device-associated nosocomial infections (DANIs), as well as the rate of antibiotic resistance, in the medical-surgical intensive care unit (ICU) of a research and training hospital in Turkey, and to compare our results with those reported by the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) system and International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC). A total of 509 patients were followed up within a 1-year period from 1 November 2007 to 1 November 2008. The total patient days were 4,087, the number of DANIs was 181. ⋯ The rates of use of devices such as ventilators, CVCs, and urinary catheters were 0.87, 0.93, and 0.98, respectively, which are higher than the rates reported by NNIS and INICC. On the other hand, the present DANI rate was higher than that reported by NNIS, but close to that reported by INICC. We conclude that the indications for and duration of device use should be reviewed.
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Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. · Mar 2009
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii producing OXA-23 in Thailand.
We investigated the resistance determinant of 13 clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii collected from a regional hospital in the north of Thailand. All isolates were multidrug resistant and produced the OXA-23 carbapenemase. ⋯ The bla(OXA-23) and bla(IMP) genes were plasmid-mediated according to the transformation assays. This is the first description of OXA-23-producing A. baumannii from Thailand.