Pain medicine : the official journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine
-
To assess reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a 29-item short-form version of the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and a novel “impact score” calculated from those measures. ⋯ Results indicate that the PROMIS short 29-item form may be useful for the study of patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Our findings also support use of the novel “impact score” recommended by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Task Force on Research Standards for Chronic Low Back Pain.
-
We investigated the extent to which anxiety and depression mediate the relationship between pain catastrophizing and the risk of prescription opioid misuse in chronic pain patients. ⋯ Due to the partially independent relationship of anxiety and catastrophizing, it is recommended that treatments for chronic pain patients employ techniques addressing both behaviors. The relationship between depression and catastrophizing requires more research since it was observed that their effects were confounded.
-
This study evaluates the ability of four commonly used analgesics (ketamine HCl, gabapentin, clonidine HCl, and baclofen), when incorporated into two transdermal compounding bases, Lipoderm and Lipoderm ActiveMax, to penetrate human cadaver trunk skin in vitro, using the Franz finite dose model. ⋯ This study suggests that the combination of these 4 analgesic drugs can be successfully delivered transdermally, using either Lipoderm or Lipoderm ActiveMax. Compounded transdermal drug preparations may then provide physicians with an alternative to traditional oral pain management regimens that can be personalized to the specific patient with the potential for enhanced pain control.