São Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
The effects of an individualized exercise intervention on body composition in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment.
Changes in metabolism have been reported in the majority of patients undergoing cancer treatment, and these are usually characterized by progressive change in body composition. The effects of aerobic exercise programs to combat the cancer and cancer treatment-related side effects, which include the negative changes in body composition, have been extensively reported in the literature. However, few resistance exercise intervention studies have hypothesized that breast cancer patients might benefit from this type of exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine whether exercise protocols that emphasize resistance training would change body composition and strength in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment. ⋯ The results suggest that exercise emphasizing resistance training promotes positive changes in body composition and strength in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment.
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Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is the development of renal failure in patients with chronic previous liver disease, without clinical or laboratory evidence of previous kidney disease. It affects up to 18% of cirrhotic patients with ascites during the first year of follow-up, reaching 39% in five years and presenting a survival of about two weeks after its establishment. HRS diagnosis is based on clinical and laboratory data. ⋯ The treatment of choice can be pharmacological or surgical, although liver transplantation is the only permanent and effective treatment, with a four-year survival rate of up to 60%. Liver function recovery is usually followed by renal failure reversion. Early diagnosis and timely therapeutics can increase life expectancy for these patients while they are waiting for liver transplantation as a definitive treatment.
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Postoperative infections should be detected earlier. We investigated the efficacy of the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) score, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and various acute-phase proteins for predicting postoperative infections. ⋯ NNIS, albumin, CRP and IL-6 may be useful as predictive markers for postoperative infections. For predicting LOS, malignant condition, transferrin, albumin and IL-6 are useful.
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In the northern region of Brazil, cervical cancer is the most important cause of cancer-related deaths among women. There is considerable likelihood, however, that official incidence and mortality figures are greatly underestimated. The aim of this study was to estimate the repercussions from improvement in cervical cancer screening programs on the incidence of pre-invasive and invasive cervical lesions in a municipality in this region. ⋯ Detection of pre-invasive and invasive cervical lesions in the intervention group was remarkably higher than among women seen during routine screening.
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Obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) is characterized by the deposition of atherosclerotic plaque on the coronary artery wall. Its manifestations depend on interactions between environmental and genetic risk factors. The aim of this work was to analyze the frequency of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism in patients with CAD and its association with plasma homocysteine levels. Risk factors for CAD were also evaluated. ⋯ The TT genotype is associated with coronary artery obstruction greater than 95% and the presence of two affected arteries. This confirms the relationship between genetic variants in specific patient subgroups and cardiovascular diseases.