São Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina
-
Observational Study
Analysis of quality of life among asthmatic individuals with obesity and its relationship with pulmonary function: cross-sectional study.
The combined effect of obesity and asthma may lead to significant impairment of quality of life (QOL). The aim here was to evaluate the prevalence of asthma among obese individuals, characterize the severity of impairment of quality of life and measure its relationship with pulmonary function. ⋯ The prevalence of asthma was 4.57% and QOL was impaired among the asthmatic obese individuals. The worst QOL domain related to environmental stimuli and the best QOL domain to limitations of the activities. Worse QOL was correlated with poorer values for FEF 25-75%.
-
The purpose of screening tests for cancer is to detect it at an early stage in order to increase the chances of treatment. However, their unrestrained use may lead to unnecessary examinations, overdiagnosis and higher costs. It is thus necessary to evaluate their clinical effects in terms of benefits and harm. ⋯ The evidence found through Cochrane reviews did not support most of the commonly used screening tests for cancer. It is recommended that patients should be informed of the possibilities of false positives and false negatives before they undergo the tests. Further studies to fully assess the effectiveness of cancer screening tests and adverse outcomes are required.
-
Sexual violence is increasingly frequent worldwide. The aim here was to evaluate the sociodemographic and psychological characteristics of women who requested legal abortion, at a public healthcare service, after sufering sexual violence. ⋯ There was greater occurrence of sexual violence among students and women who worked outside. Among the students, most of these were adolescents and had no previous sexual life. The teenagers were raped by a known aggressor.
-
Dieulafoy's disease of the bronchial tree is a very rare condition. Few cases have been reported in the literature. It can be asymptomatic or manifest with massive hemoptysis. This disease should be considered among heavy smokers when recurrent massive hemoptysis is present amid otherwise normal findings. The treatment can be arterial embolization or surgical intervention. ⋯ Dieulafoy's disease is a rare vascular anomaly and it is extremely rare in the bronchial tree. In bronchial Dieulafoy's disease, selective embolization has been suggested as a method for cessation of bleeding. Nevertheless, standard anatomical lung resection is a safe and curative alternative.
-
Several effects of exposure to air pollutants on human health are known. The aim of this study was to identify whether exposure of pregnant women to air pollutants contributes towards low birth weight and which sex is more affected. ⋯ Female newborns showed greater susceptibility to maternal exposure to air pollutants. Studies on low birth weight in relation to maternal exposure to air pollutants should deal with males and females separately.