São Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina
-
The World Health Organization (WHO) 2017 Global Conference in Montevideo, Uruguay, was dedicated to promoting successful cases and best practices in fighting and preventing noncommunicable disease (NCDs). The global effort undertaken by WHO aims to reduce road traffic deaths in order to meet goal number 3.4 of the sustainable development goals. ⋯ Both programs are innovative public policies that deal with health issues caused by the external agents that ultimately account for the rapid increase in days lost to disability. Prevention of external causes of deaths and injuries, such as traffic violence, strongly correlates with changes in habits and actions, especially excessive consumption of alcohol, and with NCDs in Brazil.
-
Frailty among elderly people is associated with negative health outcomes. Through gaining better understanding of this syndrome over different time periods, healthcare actions that take predictive factors into consideration may be facilitated. ⋯ Age over 80 years was predictive of pre-frailty and frailty, while dependency in basic activities of daily living and poor physical performance predicted frailty. A one-unit increased score for advanced activities of daily living decreased the frailty rate by 15%.
-
The prevalence of congenital abnormalities in general populations is approximately 3-5%. One of the most important applications of obstetric ultrasound is in detection of fetal structural defects. ⋯ Ultrasound is safe and has utility for detecting fetal anomalies that are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. However, the low sensitivity of ultrasound for detecting fetal anomalies in unselected populations limits its utility for providing reassurance to examiners and to pregnant women with normal results.
-
Management of rectal cancer has become more complex with multimodality therapy (neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery) and this has led to the need to organize multidisciplinary teams. The aim of this study was to report on the planning, implementation and evaluation of an integrated care pathway for neoadjuvant treatment of middle and lower rectal cancer. ⋯ The logic model was useful for evaluating the implementation of the integrated care pathways and for identifying measurements to be made in future outcome studies.