São Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina
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Medical students demonstrate higher rates of substance use than other university students and the general population. The challenges imposed by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic raised significant concerns about mental health and substance use. ⋯ The prevalence of substance use was high in this population and increased from the basic to the clinical cycle. The COVID-19 pandemic may have affected the frequency of drug use and prevalence estimates.
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Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first six months, and mother's age impact early weaning. Educational support and relevant information can increase breastfeeding rates. ⋯ Antenatal education significantly improves the maintenance, intention, and confidence of breastfeeding among adolescents. This education approach can be implemented across all healthcare levels and should be made accessible to all women throughout the pregnancy and postpartum period.
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To highlight the importance of clinical simulations and simulated laboratories for student training, especially in physical examination teaching. ⋯ Concentrated laboratory practice resulted in positive improvements in students' physical examination skills.
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Kidney transplantation is often regarded as the preferred therapy for end-stage renal disease. Several surgical procedures have been developed to reduce postoperative donor complications, while maintaining kidney quality. ⋯ Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy can be safely performed at centers with expertise in laparoscopic surgery. Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy has better outcomes than open donor nephrectomy in terms of length of hospital stay, duration of urinary catheterization, operating time, and blood loss.
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The identification and understanding of dietary factors and other characteristics that influence gestational weight gain can contribute to the formulation of strategies to promote healthy eating habits before and during pregnancy. ⋯ Age, smoking status, and physical activity were associated with dietary patterns in pregnant women.