São Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina
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Posterior urethral valve (PUV) is a widely known condition affecting males that generally presents prenatally or at birth. PUVs have also been occasionally described in literature in cases diagnosed during adolescence or adulthood. ⋯ This report presents two late PUV cases, one in a teenager and the other in an adult. Both cases had had clinical signs of urinary tract infection and obstructive urinary symptoms. The diagnoses were made by means of voiding cystourethrography and urethrocystoscopy. Endoscopic valve fulguration was the treatment chosen for both. Their follow-up was uneventful.
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Accurate determination of the Gleason score in prostate core biopsy specimens is crucial in selecting the type of prostate cancer treatment, especially for patients with well-differentiated tumors (Gleason score 2 to 4). For such patients, an inaccurate biopsy score may result in a therapeutic intervention that is too conservative. We evaluate the role of Gleason score 2-4 in prostate core-needle biopsies for predicting the final pathological staging following radical prostatectomy. ⋯ Well-differentiated tumors (Gleason score 2 to 4) seen in biopsies are not predictive of organ-confined disease.
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Comparative Study
Postoperative study of vital capacity and ventilation measurements following elective craniotomy.
Changes in pulmonary function commonly occur after general surgery. The aims were to evaluate vital capacity, tidal volume and respiratory frequency among patients undergoing elective craniotomy and to determine possible correlations of these parameters with surgery duration and etiology for neurosurgery. ⋯ Reductions in VC, TV and VE were observed during the postoperative period in patients undergoing aneurysm clipping or tumor resection. The reductions in VC and TV were greater in patients undergoing craniotomy due to aneurysm and with longer surgery duration.