São Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina
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Comparative Study
Postoperative study of vital capacity and ventilation measurements following elective craniotomy.
Changes in pulmonary function commonly occur after general surgery. The aims were to evaluate vital capacity, tidal volume and respiratory frequency among patients undergoing elective craniotomy and to determine possible correlations of these parameters with surgery duration and etiology for neurosurgery. ⋯ Reductions in VC, TV and VE were observed during the postoperative period in patients undergoing aneurysm clipping or tumor resection. The reductions in VC and TV were greater in patients undergoing craniotomy due to aneurysm and with longer surgery duration.
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Osteoporosis is the greatest cause of quality-of-life reductions, morbidity and mortality among postmenopausal women, with growing incidence as populations age. Clinical tools like Osteorisk provide an easy-access and low-cost alternative method that helps physicians to reduce the need for dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), the expensive gold standard examination for diagnosing osteoporosis. The aim here was to study the accuracy of Osteorisk using heel ultrasonography for bone mineral density (BMD). ⋯ Osteorisk is a valid tool for screening for women at low risk of osteoporosis, making it possible for these women not to have to undergo densitometry.
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The true incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in Brazil is unknown. The aim here was to identify SIDS cases in the city of Ribeirão Preto, State of São Paulo, between 2000 and 2005, in order to estimate its incidence. ⋯ The frequency of SIDS was lower than what has been reported worldwide and in the Brazilian literature, thus suggesting underdiagnosis, indicating the lack of any specific postmortem protocol for SIDS identification and showing the need to implement this.
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Stuttering is a complex disease that influences occupational, social, academic and emotional achievements. The aim of this study was to correlate the stuttering severity index with speaking rates of mothers and children. ⋯ The results suggest that the mothers speaking rate should be incorporated in the assessment and treatment of stuttering.