São Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Evaluation of effectiveness of 10% polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine solution against infections in wire and pin holes for Ilizarov external fixators.
Superficial infection at wire and pin insertions in the skin is a frequent disorder among patients utilizing the Ilizarov method. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of daily topical application of 10% polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine solution against infections of the holes for Kirschner wires and Schanz pins among patients using Ilizarov external fixators, in comparison with cleaning these holes only with 0.9% sterile physiological saline solution. ⋯ Topical 10% polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine solution applied daily to Kirschner wire and Schanz pin insertions did not reduce the incidence of superficial infection at these holes, in comparison with mechanical removal of dirt using 0.9% physiological saline solution.
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Although it is generally agreed that a medical history and physical examination should be obtained as part of preoperative evaluation, there is still substantial controversy about the additional benefits of preoperative screening tests. The objective of the present study was to determine the percentage of abnormalities on laboratory tests among a population that underwent non-cardiac surgery and to correlate these tests with changes in preoperative evaluation management. ⋯ Although there were substantial numbers of screening test abnormalities in preoperative evaluations, these results seldom interfered in patient management.
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Iron deficiency anemia is the principal nutritional dearth in the world, and it especially affects children and pregnant women in developing countries. This paper presents a survey of the literature in this area, with the aim of providing a brief overview regarding the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia in Brazil. ⋯ The paper also shows some ways to control iron deficiency anemia and some intervention programs applied in Brazilian cities for curing and/or preventing this disease. The article concludes by emphasizing the need to establish strategies and treatments in our country that are based on a policy that brings together not only governmental administration but also all the community.
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Malnutrition is common among HIV-infected children. Our objective was to study the occurrence of malnutrition and its relationship with changes in clinical category among HIV-infected children. ⋯ Aids manifestation severity was associated with nutritional status and with age at symptom onset, but change in clinical category was not followed by worsening of nutritional status.
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Within the context of primary health care and mental disorders, our aim was to study the opinions of general practitioners regarding attendance of people with mental health problems. ⋯ The general practitioners indicated that they perceived the mental health problems among their clientele, but the diagnosis and treatment of these problems are still seen as a task for specialists. The challenge of continuing education on mental health requires methods of interactive and critical teaching, such as the problem-based approach.