São Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of probiotics on gastrointestinal symptoms, anthropometric measurements, and breastfeeding duration in infants with colic: a randomized control trial.
Infantile colic has a multifactorial etiology. Recent studies have suggested that probiotics may be effective in its management. ⋯ NCT04374955 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/).
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Comparative Study Observational Study
Effects of bariatric surgery on renal function: a retrospective cohort study comparing one-year outcomes between one-anastomosis gastric bypass and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
Evidence on the effect of one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) on renal function is limited. ⋯ Compared with RYGB, OAGB led to an equivalent improvement in renal function 1 year after the procedure, along with greater weight loss.
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Weight retention during the post-partum period is associated with excessive weight gain. ⋯ Among the hierarchical determinants, proximal factors were interrelated with maternal weight retention, indicating that excessive total weight gain, an inadequate dietary intake pattern, and the absence of exclusive maternal breastfeeding in the first month of life work as dampeners of the return to pre-gestational weight. Prepartum and post-partum care interventions can contribute to reducing excess weight in women.
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Observational Study
Reliability across content areas in progress tests assessing medical knowledge: a Brazilian cross-sectional study with implications for medical education assessments.
Brazilian medical schools equitably divide their medical education assessments into five content areas: internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, and public health. However, this division does not follow international patterns and may threaten the examinations' reliability and validity. ⋯ Maintaining an equitable division in assessment content may lead to suboptimal results in terms of assessment reliability, especially for internal medicine. Therefore, content sampling of medical knowledge for general assessments should be reappraised.
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The magnitude of economic losses attributed to sleep problems and insufficient physical activity (PA) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between insufficient PA, sleep problems, and direct healthcare costs. ⋯ The combination of sleep problems and insufficient PA plays an important role in increasing direct healthcare costs in adults. Public health stakeholders, policymakers, and health professionals can use these results to reinforce the need for strategies to improve sleep quality and increase PA, especially in nations that finance their National Health Systems.