Sleep medicine
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Stress-related sleep reactivity, sleep-related cognitions, and psychological factors play an important role in insomnia. The aim was to investigate their possible association in Insomnia Disorder, insomnia subgroups, and healthy subjects. ⋯ Findings suggest potential implications: (1) among the factors that may contribute to insomnia, stress-related sleep reactivity, and psychological factors, such as anxiety symptoms, may distinguish insomnia subjects from good sleepers; (2) sleep reactivity and sleep-related cognitions seem interrelated, unhelpful beliefs may affect the stress reactivity; (3) psychological factors may influence sleep quality and the severity of insomnia; (4) these important sleep-related variables may have similar associations in insomnia subgroups; they may constitute the core factors for insomnia development and maintenance.
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Decrements in sleep health, including insufficient sleep duration, irregular timing of sleep, poor sleep quality, and sleep/circadian disorders, are widespread in modern society and are associated with an array of disease risks and outcomes, including those contributing to health disparities (eg, cardiovascular disease, obesity and diabetes, psychiatric illness, and cancer). Recent findings have uncovered racial/ethnic and socioeconomic position differences in sleep health; however, the contribution of sleep deficiency to health disparities remains largely unexplored, and understanding the underlying causes of disparities in sleep health is only beginning to emerge. In 2011, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) convened a workshop, bringing together sleep and health disparities investigators, to identify research gaps and opportunities to advance sleep and health disparities science. This article provides a brief background and rationale for the workshop, and it disseminates the research recommendations and priorities resulting from the working group discussions.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Long-term adherence to continuous positive airway pressure therapy in non-sleepy sleep apnea patients.
The effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy greatly depends on consistent use. However, data regarding adherence in non-sleepy obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess long-term adherence and predictors of CPAP compliance in a large sample of non-sleepy OSA patients. ⋯ This study demonstrates that CPAP treatment is feasible in non-sleepy, moderate-to-severe OSA patients. Good CPAP adherence was predicted by greater OSA severity as measured by both the AHI and TC90 and by the presence of hypertension at baseline in patients with higher AHI levels.
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Primary snoring (PS) is considered as the most benign form of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), and treatment is usually not prescribed. Studies suggest that PS may not be as benign as had formerly been considered. We aimed to investigate the natural history of PS in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy, and compare those who underwent adenotonsillectomy (AT) with those who did not. ⋯ A significant proportion of children with PS persist with SDB symptoms even five years following the diagnosis. In our cohort, a considerable percentage of children with a PSG diagnosis of PS underwent AT despite non-supportive sleep study results. Surgical intervention may have beneficial effects on some children with PS. Further studies using objective measures of sleep and incorporating the effect of SDB duration are required.
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To investigate the comorbidity of restless legs syndrome (RLS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). ⋯ This study indicated importance of considering RLS in NMOSD patients.