Sleep medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Efficacy of the selective extrasynaptic GABA A agonist, gaboxadol, in a model of transient insomnia: a randomized, controlled clinical trial.
The hypnotic efficacy of gaboxadol, a selective extrasynaptic GABA A agonist (SEGA), was evaluated in a phase-advance model of transient insomnia. ⋯ Gaboxadol 10 and 15 mg were efficacious in significantly reducing the sleep maintenance and sleep onset disruption produced by this model of transient insomnia, with effects generally being most pronounced for the 15 mg dose. Gaboxadol also enhanced SWS.
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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of a complete or partial collapse of the upper airway during sleep. Traditionally, the disease is diagnosed by overnight polysomnography. Studies have shown correlation between parameters of cephalometry and severity of sleep apnea. We wish to determine the variable of craniofacial dimensions in the upper airway that contribute to OSA, and to investigate the significance of craniofacial measurements in positional and non-positional sleep apnea patients. ⋯ Cephalometry could be a useful and inexpensive clinical tool to evaluate Chinese patients with OSA. MP-H and PAS should be measured in Chinese patients with OSA. MP-H was correlated with ESS. The PAS measurement was narrower in non-positional OSA patients compared to positional OSA patients.
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Because the diagnosis of restless legs syndrome (RLS) depends on clinical features ascertained by interview, it is important to have structured diagnostic instruments that can guide a diagnostician to an accurate diagnosis. With this aim in mind, the RLS Center at Johns Hopkins has been developing the Hopkins telephone diagnostic interview (HTDI). A previous validation was performed on a patient group. In the current report, we have extended that validation to a non-patient group drawn from on ongoing family study. ⋯ The HTDI managed a high level of diagnostic accuracy, showing only slightly less agreement than the two clinical interviewers. Because of a mean 12-month period between HTDI and clinical interview, this result also indicates that the subjects' reports of symptoms are consistent and stable. The HTDI should be useful for confirming questionnaire diagnoses or screening subjects to enter basic or therapeutic trials.