Sleep medicine
-
Cognitive arousal is central to models of sleep disturbance and insomnia, but findings remain mixed regarding whether cognitive arousal is associated with objective sleep disturbance and physiologic hyperarousal. This study explored associations of objective nocturnal wakefulness and indicators of physiologic hyperarousal with cognitive arousal in healthy sleepers and individuals with insomnia. ⋯ Heightened cognitive arousal at night is linked to objective sleep disturbances and indicators of physiologic hyperarousal at night and during the day. For patients with insomnia, cognitive arousal may contribute to the 24-hr physiologic hyperarousal. Cognitive arousal may be a critical therapeutic target for severe or treatment-resistant sleep disturbance.
-
Observational Study
Prognostic roles of sleep electroencephalography pattern and circadian rhythm biomarkers in the recovery of consciousness in patients with coma: a prospective cohort study.
To investigate the potential prognostic value of sleep electroencephalography (EEG) pattern and serum circadian rhythm biomarkers in the recovery of consciousness in patients at the acute stage of coma. ⋯ Sleep EEG structure, hypoxic aetiology, and APACHE II can independently predict recovery of consciousness in patients with acute coma. Taken together, we encourage neurologists to use sleep elements to assess patients with acute coma.
-
Brain iron deposition in hemodialysis (HD) patients increases over time. Iron deficiency in gray matter nuclei has been reported to lead to idiopathic restless legs syndrome (RLS) symptoms. Regardless of unpleasant RLS sensations, the patterns of iron deposition between hemodialysis patients with RLS (HD-RLS) and hemodialysis patients without RLS (HD-nRLS) are still unclear. To evaluate the differences in iron deposition patterns between HD-RLS and HD-nRLS patients, we utilized quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). ⋯ Different iron deposition patterns between HD-RLS and HD-nRLS patients in PUT and DN, which further support disturbed sensory processing in RLS, may be involved in RLS pathogenesis in HD patients.
-
The sleep disturbance scale for children (SDSC) has been translated and adapted into several languages and its psychometric properties are good. Notably, a French version has been validated for 4- to 16-year olds. The objective of the current study was therefore to adapt and validate the SDSC for French young children (aged 6 months to 4 years).
-
Sleep is an evolutionarily conserved process and is important for rest and recovery of various biological functions. Sleep and alertness alterations, function as contributing/modulatory factors in initiating and maintaining drug and alcohol abuse and as factors that increase the risk for relapse. ⋯ Sleep disturbances are seen even among patients on opioid substitution therapy (OST). The aim of this review is to present an overview of sleep problems in opioid dependent patients and to delineate factors associated with sleep disturbance.