Frontiers in oncology
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Frontiers in oncology · Jan 2020
Predicting Progression-Free Survival Using MRI-Based Radiomics for Patients With Nonmetastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.
Objectives: This study aimed to explore the predictive value of MRI-based radiomic model for progression-free survival (PFS) in nonmetastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: A total of 327 nonmetastatic NPC patients [training cohort (n = 230) and validation cohort (n = 97)] were enrolled. The clinical and MRI data were collected. ⋯ Results: Model 5 incorporating radiomics, overall stage, and EBV DNA yielded the highest C-indices for predicting PFS in comparison with Model 1, Model 2, Model 3, and Model 4 (training cohorts: 0.805 vs. 0.766 vs. 0.749 vs. 0.641 vs. 0.563, validation cohorts: 0.874 vs. 0.839 vs. 836 vs. 0.689 vs. 0.456). The survival curve showed that the high-risk group yielded a lower PFS than the low-risk group. Conclusions: The model incorporating radiomics, overall stage, and EBV DNA showed better performance for predicting PFS in nonmetastatic NPC patients.
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Frontiers in oncology · Jan 2020
Machine Learning-Based Radiomics Nomogram Using Magnetic Resonance Images for Prediction of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Efficacy in Breast Cancer Patients.
Purpose: The construction and validation of a radiomics nomogram based on machine learning using magnetic resonance image (MRI) for predicting the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in patients with breast cancer (BCa). Methods: This retrospective investigation consisted of 158 patients who were diagnosed with BCa and underwent MRI before NACT, of which 33 patients experienced pathological complete response (pCR) by the postoperative pathological examination. The patients with BCa were divided into the training set (n = 110) and test set (n = 48) randomly. ⋯ The decision curve indicated the clinical usefulness of our nomogram. Conclusion: Our radiomics nomogram showed good discrimination in patients with BCa who experience pCR after NACT. The model may aid physicians in predicting how specific patients may respond to BCa treatments in the future.
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Frontiers in oncology · Jan 2020
Comparative Study of Amide Proton Transfer Imaging and Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Imaging for Predicting Histologic Grade of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
Background: Preoperative grading of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an important factor associated with prognosis after liver resection. The promising prediction of the differentiation of HCC remains a challenge. The purpose of our study was to investigate the value of amide proton transfer (APT) imaging in predicting the histological grade of HCC, compared with the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging. ⋯ Comparison of ROC curves demonstrated that the AUC of APT SI was significantly higher than those of IVIM-derived parameter (Z = 2.603, P = 0.0092; Z = 2.099, P = 0.0358; Z = 4.023, P = 0.0001; Z = 2.435, P = 0.0149, compared with ADC, D, D*, and f , respectively). Moreover, the combination of both techniques further improved the diagnostic performance, with an AUC of 0.929 (95% CI: 0.854-0.973). Conclusion: APT imaging may be a potential noninvasive biomarker for the prediction of histologic grading of HCC and complements IVIM imaging for the more accurate and comprehensive characterization of HCC.
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Frontiers in oncology · Jan 2020
Role of Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy in Clinical Stage II/III Rectal Cancer Patients Undergoing Total Mesorectal Excision: A Retrospective Propensity Score Analysis.
Although the current standard preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT) for stage II/III rectal cancer decreases the risk of local recurrence, it does not improve survival and increases the likelihood of preoperative overtreatment, especially in patients without circumferential resection margin (CRM) involvement. ⋯ Using MRI-guided selection for better risk stratification, US without neoadjuvant therapy can be considered in early stage patients with good prognosis. PCRT may not be required for all stage II/III rectal cancer patients, especially for the MRI-proven intermediate-risk group (cT1-2/N1, cT3N0) without CRM involvement and lateral lymph node metastasis. Further prospective studies are warranted.
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Frontiers in oncology · Jan 2020
Significance of Tumor Mutation Burden in Immune Infiltration and Prognosis in Cutaneous Melanoma.
Background: Melanoma is highly immunogenic and therefore suitable for immunotherapy, but the efficacy is limited by response rate. In several types of tumor, tumor mutation burden (TMB) and immune infiltration have been reported to predict the response to immunotherapy, although each has its limitations. In the current study, we aimed to explore the association of TMB with immune infiltration and prognosis in cutaneous melanoma. ⋯ Conclusions: In cutaneous melanoma, TMB was positively correlated with prognosis. The risk score model and nomogram can be conveniently used to predict prognosis. The association of TMB with immune infiltration can help improve the predicting methods for the response to immunotherapy.