Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical
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Recent studies indicate that migraine is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, links between autonomic cardiovascular regulation, arterial hypertension (AH) and migraine are still little explored. In this study, we evaluated autonomic regulation in migraine patients with and without hypertension. ⋯ Patients from both M+AH and M-AH groups more commonly had a family history of cardiovascular disorders. Our data revealed increased vasomotor reactivity in migraine patients, with or without concomitant hypertension. This was associated with the family history of cardiovascular diseases.
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Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are two of the most frequent and distressing complications following surgical procedures, with as many as 80% of patients considered to be at risk. Despite recognition of well-established risk factors and the subsequent use of clinical guidelines, 20-30% of women do not respond to antiemetic protocols, indicating that there may be a genetic risk. ⋯ The understanding of the multifactorial nature of PONV and the recognition of genetic risk will ultimately lead to the development of personalized interventions to manage these frequent and often debilitating symptoms.
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Autonomic dysfunction occurs in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the association between the autonomic dysfunction and inflammation has not been investigated in RA. We investigated the relationship between inflammation and ANS function in RA. ⋯ Autonomic dysfunction in RA is related to disease activity, seropositivity and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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The sympathetic nervous system has an important role in generating pain. Various pathomechanisms are involved that respond well to the application of local anesthetics (LA), for example to the stellate ganglion block (SGB). ⋯ Even with our methods we could not prevent the simultaneous occurrence of a partial parasympatholytic effect. For this reason, the SGB has only minor hemodynamic effects, which is desirable as it enhances the safety of the SGB.
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Hypothermia preserves gastric mucosal microvascular oxygenation (μHbO2) during hemorrhagic shock. Additionally, hypothermia activates the sympathetic nervous system that leads to the release of vasopressin. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the effect of hypothermia is mediated via the sympathetic nervous system and/or via vasopressin. ⋯ Hypothermia preserves μHbO2 during hemorrhagic shock. This effect is partially abolished during thoracic epidural anesthesia or during vasopressin receptor blockade. The sympathetic nervous system and the vasopressin V1 receptor are partially involved in mediating the effect of hypothermia on gastric oxygenation during hemorrhage.