BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
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To describe: (i) trends in centralisation and unplanned out-of-hospital births; (ii) perinatal mortality by place of birth; and (iii) health and birth outcomes in areas served by hospitals of different levels. ⋯ The health and service data do not support the need to close down small hospitals in a regionalised system where there is a referral system that functions well.
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Pakistan is a signatory of many international development strategies including the Millennium Development Goals, and the government is committed to achieving a reduction in infant mortality rate from 72 to <55 per 1000 live births, the newborn mortality rate from 55 to <40 per 1000 live births and the maternal mortality rate from 276 per 100,000 to 140 per 100,000 live births by 2015. Maternal, newborn and child health play a key role in reducing poverty and promoting social and economic development. Improvement in maternal and child health is a priority agenda of the Government of Pakistan.
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Comparative Study
Outcomes following hysterectomy or endometrial ablation for heavy menstrual bleeding: retrospective analysis of hospital episode statistics in Scotland.
To determine the risk of further gynaecological surgery and gynaecological cancer following hysterectomy and endometrial ablation in women with heavy menstrual bleeding. ⋯ Hysterectomy is associated with a higher risk than endometrial ablation of surgery for pelvic floor repair and stress urinary incontinence. Surgery for pelvic floor prolapse is more common after vaginal than abdominal hysterectomy.
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Bangladesh has made commendable progress in achieving Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 4 and 5. Since 1990, there has been a remarkable reduction in maternal and child mortality, with an estimated 57% reduction in child mortality and 66% in maternal mortality. This review highlights that, whereas Bangladesh is on track for achieving MDG 4 and 5A, progress in universal access to reproductive health (5B) is not yet at the required pace to achieve the targets set for 2015. In addition, Bangladesh needs to further enhance activities to improve newborn health and promote skilled attendance at birth.
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This review relates to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), especially MDGs 4 and 5, by India by the year 2015. India contributes the maximum number of maternal deaths (68,000) to the global estimate of 358,000 maternal deaths annually. ⋯ Increased spending by the Government of India on the health sector has started to show encouraging results. Recent assessments by world bodies like the World Health Organisation have given hope that MDGs 4 and 5 are achievable.