The journal of headache and pain
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Migraine is a complex neurological condition characterized by recurrent headaches, which is often accompanied by various neurological symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful tool for investigating whole-brain connectivity patterns; however, systematic assessment of structural connectome organization has rarely been performed. In the present study, we aimed to examine the changes in structural connectivity in patients with episodic migraines using diffusion MRI. ⋯ Between-group differences in subcortico-cortical connectivity further revealed significant changes in the amygdala, accumbens, and caudate nuclei. Finally, supervised machine learning effectively classified patients with migraines and healthy controls using cortical and subcortical structural connectivity features, highlighting the importance of the orbitofrontal and sensory cortices, in addition to the caudate, in distinguishing between the groups. Our findings confirmed that episodic migraine is related to the structural connectome changes in the limbic and sensory systems, suggesting its potential utility as a diagnostic marker for migraine.
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The pathogenesis of migraine remains unclear; however, a large body of evidence supports the hypothesis that immunological mechanisms play a key role. Therefore, we aimed to review current studies on altered immunity in individuals with migraine during and outside attacks. ⋯ Our review summarizes the findings regarding altered humoral and cellular immunological findings in human migraine. We highlight the possible involvement of immunological mechanisms in the pathogenesis of migraine. However, further studies are needed to expand our knowledge of the exact role of immunological mechanisms in migraine pathogenesis.
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Migraine, a neurological disorder with a significant female predilection, is the leading cause of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in women of childbearing age (WCBA). There is currently a lack of comprehensive literature analysis on the overall global burden and changing trends of migraines in WCBA. ⋯ Overall, the burden of migraine among WCBA has significantly increased globally over the past 32 years, particularly within the middle SDI and the 45-49 age group. Research findings emphasize the importance of customized interventions aimed at addressing the issue of migraines in WCBA, thus contributing to the attainment of Sustainable Development Goal 3 set by the World Health Organization.
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Migraine is a neurological disease with a significant genetic component and is characterized by recurrent and prolonged episodes of headache. Previous epidemiological studies have reported a higher risk of dementia in migraine patients. Neuroimaging studies have also shown structural brain atrophy in regions that are common to migraine and dementia. However, these studies are observational and cannot establish causality. The present study aims to explore the genetic causal relationship between migraine and dementia, as well as the mediation roles of brain structural changes in this association using Mendelian randomization (MR). ⋯ This comprehensive MR study provided genetic evidence for the causal effect of migraine on AD and identified longitudinal thalamic atrophy as a potential mediator in this association. These findings may inform brain intervention targets to prevent AD risk in migraine patients.
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A cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association study reveals novel susceptibility genes for migraine.
Migraine is a common neurological disorder with a strong genetic component. Despite the identification of over 100 loci associated with migraine susceptibility through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), the underlying causative genes and biological mechanisms remain predominantly elusive. ⋯ Our study identified two novel genes whose predicted expression was associated with the risk of migraine, providing new insights into the genetic framework of migraine.