Pain physician
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A Systematic Review of the Normal Sacroiliac Joint Anatomy and Adjacent Tissues for Pain Physicians.
The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) forms a complex joint and has shown to be underappreciated in its involvement with lower back pain. Research efforts have intensified on SIJ anatomy and biomechanics because of its predisposing position to pain and dysfunction in individuals suffering from lower back discomfort. Previous work has focused on SIJ anatomy including bone and joint structure, innervation, as well as biomechanics and the treatment of SIJ pain. However, to date, no review exists describing the range of 'normal' anatomic features of the SIJ. ⋯ Bone density, bony landmarks, fat infiltration, innervation, ligaments morphology, muscles, sacroiliac joint, vasculature.
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For patients with trigeminal neuralgia who do not respond to medication and for whom surgical approaches are too risky, percutaneous procedures targeting the trigeminal ganglion are the current standard treatment. Percutaneous procedures are performed via the transoval approach under radiologic guidance. Identification of the foramen ovale (FO) under fluoroscopic guidance is an important part of determining the success or failure of the procedures. ⋯ Trigeminal neuralgia, foramen ovale, trigeminal ganglion, 3-dimensional (3D) facial computed tomography (CT) scans.
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The incidence of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration has increased in recent years. A simple, reliable, and reproducible animal model is critical for understanding the underlying mechanisms of IVD degeneration. The caudal discs of rats have been proposed as a common puncture model in which to induce IVD degeneration. However, there is still no consensus on the size of needle to be used. ⋯ Low back pain, degenerative intervertebral disc, animal model, puncture needle, rat model, optimal choice.