Pain physician
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Recurrent LDH (rLDH) is one of the most common causes of unsatisfactory outcomes after discectomy, which usually needs secondary surgery and leads to physical and psychological suffering for patients and substantial costs for society. ⋯ This study demonstrated that the recurrence rate of LDH at 5-year follow-up was 6.27% and there was a significant statistical relationship between FO, DHI, and Modic changes and early rLDH. Surgeons should take FO angles, DHI, and Modic change into consideration before surgery to achieve a satisfactory postoperative outcome and a relatively lower early recurrence rate. More patients and further investigation should be taken to assess the risk factors for early rLDH.