Journal of psychoactive drugs
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J Psychoactive Drugs · Oct 1996
ReviewBackground and overview of mental health and substance abuse treatment systems: meeting the needs of women who are pregnant or parenting.
Women with a psychiatric disorder who also abuse alcohol or other drugs have historically encountered barriers to integrated treatment for both disorders. Substance abuse treatment services and mental illness treatment services are usually organized independently of each other and few are designed to meet the needs of pregnant and parenting women. This chapter reviews the developmental histories of treatment systems for psychiatric and substance abuse disorders; the structural barriers that impede the delivery of services to individuals with co-occurring psychiatric and substance abuse disorders; the prevalence of dual disorders; issues related to diagnosis and assessment, types of diagnoses and addictions; treatment issues specific to women who are pregnant or parenting; models of service delivery; and initiatives directed at changing treatment systems.
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J Psychoactive Drugs · Apr 1996
Case ReportsNewborn renal tubular acidosis associated with prenatal maternal toluene sniffing.
Sniffing of volatile organic solvents containing toluene, such as acrylic paints, glues, adhesives, paint thinners, varnishes and shoe polishes, has become increasingly frequent in recent years. Renal tubular acidosis is one of a number of human complications reported in the offspring of mothers inhaling toluene during pregnancy. ⋯ With increasing frequency of maternal glue and paint sniffing, more cases of newborn renal tubular acidosis will likely appear. Physicians should be prepared to manage neonatal tubular acidosis that may accompany maternal toluene sniffing in order to lessen newborn morbidity and/or mortality.
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Tobacco has caused the greatest epidemic of the twentieth century, which is beginning to wane in the United States, but is still growing in much of the world. The epidemic developed as a result of innovations in the tobacco industry and larger cultural changes over the 75 years prior to the introduction of Camel cigarettes in 1913. Factors that set the stage for the epidemic include the development of flue-cured and Burley tobaccos, the mechanization of cigarette production with its consequent concentration of capital in a few companies, the safety match, efficient transportation systems, and innovative advertising. ⋯ In the late 1960s and for a sustained period since 1973, cigarette consumption has declined in the United States, but in the developing world the epidemic curve of cigarette use is still on the upswing. As tobacco use declines in the United States, it is crucial that the production of tobacco products as well as their consumption be reduced. Otherwise, attempting to control the problem in the United States will not result in a net reduction in mortality around the world.
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J Psychoactive Drugs · Oct 1991
The California Physicians Diversion Program's experience with recovering anesthesiologists.
This article examines the effectiveness of the rehabilitation of anesthesiologists who are addicted to alcohol or other drugs. There has been some concern and discussion about allowing anesthesiologists who are addicted to alcohol or other drugs to continue practicing in their specialty. ⋯ Of the 255 physicians who have successfully completed the program during the ten years prior to March 1990, 35 were practicing anesthesiologists, including six resident anesthesiologists. Although doctors in this specialty are more at risk for manifesting addiction to alcohol and other drugs, California's experience demonstrates that they have an equal chance of recovery and contradicts the pessimism about recovery in anesthesiologists.
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J Psychoactive Drugs · Jul 1989
Review Historical ArticleThe tobacco epidemic: lessons from history.
Tobacco has caused the greatest epidemic of the twentieth century, which is beginning to wane in the United States, but is still growing in much of the world. The epidemic developed as a result of innovations in the tobacco industry and larger cultural changes over the 75 years prior to the introduction of Camel cigarettes in 1913. Factors that set the stage for the epidemic include the development of flue-cured and Burley tobaccos, the mechanization of cigarette production with its consequent concentration of capital in a few companies, the safety match, efficient transportation systems, and innovative advertising. ⋯ In the late 1960s and for a sustained period since 1973, cigarette consumption has declined in the United States, but in the developing world the epidemic curve of cigarette use is still on the upswing. As tobacco use declines in the United States, it is crucial that the production of tobacco products as well as their consumption be reduced. Otherwise, attempting to control the problem in the United States will not result in a net reduction in mortality around the world.