European journal of applied physiology
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Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. · Jan 2016
Comparative StudySimple accurate mathematical models of blood HbO2 and HbCO2 dissociation curves at varied physiological conditions: evaluation and comparison with other models.
Equations for blood oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) and carbaminohemoglobin (HbCO2) dissociation curves that incorporate nonlinear biochemical interactions of oxygen and carbon dioxide with hemoglobin (Hb), covering a wide range of physiological conditions, are crucial for a number of practical applications. These include the development of physiologically-based computational models of alveolar-blood and blood-tissue O2–CO2 transport, exchange, and metabolism, and the analysis of clinical and in vitro data. ⋯ The new SHbO2 and SHbCO2 models have significant computational modeling implications as they provide high accuracy under non-physiological conditions, such as ischemia and reperfusion, extremes in gas concentrations, high altitudes, and extreme temperatures.
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Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. · Nov 2015
Energetics and mechanics of walking in patients with chronic low back pain and healthy matched controls.
Walking in patients with chronic low back pain (cLBP) is characterized by motor control adaptations as a protective strategy against further injury or pain. The purpose of this study was to compare the preferred walking speed, the biomechanical and the energetic parameters of walking at different speeds between patients with cLBP and healthy men individually matched for age, body mass and height. ⋯ These results do not support the hypothesis of a less efficient walking pattern in patients with cLBP and imply that high walking speeds are well tolerated by patients with moderately disabling cLBP.
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Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. · Nov 2015
The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation of the motor cortex on exercise-induced pain.
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) provides a new exciting means to investigate the role of the brain during exercise. However, this technique is not widely used in exercise science, with little known regarding effective electrode montages. This study investigated whether tDCS of the motor cortex (M1) would elicit an analgesic response to exercise-induced pain (EIP). ⋯ These findings demonstrate that stimulation of the M1 using tDCS does not induce analgesia during exercise, suggesting that the processing of pain produced via classic measures of experimental pain (i.e., a CPT) is different to that of EIP. These results provide important methodological advancement in developing the use of tDCS in exercise.
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Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. · Nov 2015
Ipsilateral resistance exercise prevents exercise-induced central sensitization in the contralateral limb: a randomized controlled trial.
This study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that a repeated bout of eccentric exercise (ECC2) would result in smaller increase in the sensitivity of spinal nociceptive system, and smaller decrease in the local muscle blood oxygenation response in both the ipsilateral and the contralateral tibialis anterior muscle (TA) when compared with the initial bout (ECC1). It was hypothesized that the magnitude of the repeated bout effect (RBE) would be greater for the ipsilateral side than the contralateral side. ⋯ These results suggest that contralateral RBE was associated with spinal facilitation of the neuronal pathways situated at a homologous innervation level, and it is unlikely that oxygen re-perfusion improvement plays a major role in the contralateral RBE.
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Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. · Aug 2015
Oxygen uptake and heart rate kinetics during dynamic upper and lower body exercise: an investigation by time-series analysis.
The study compared the kinetic responses of heart rate (HR), pulmonary ([Formula: see text]O2pulm) and muscular oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]O2musc) for upper (UpBody) and lower body (LoBody) exercise. ⋯ Meaningful dissociations between [Formula: see text]O2pulm and [Formula: see text]O2musc kinetics exist for both UpBody and LoBody exercise during rapid work rate changes. Therefore, isolated [Formula: see text]O2pulm kinetic estimations without the consideration of the circulatory distortions may not allow a reliable assessment of [Formula: see text]O2musc kinetics.