Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of pulmonary artery and transpulmonary thermodilution cardiac output measurements in unsedated newborn calves.
To compare the agreement, repeatability and trending ability of transpulmonary thermodilution (TPTD) and pulmonary artery thermodilution (PATD) cardiac output (Q˙t) measurements in unsedated newborn calves. ⋯ We recommend that PATD remains the reference method to measure Q˙t in unsedated newborn calves. However, the robust results of the evaluation of the less invasive TPTD technique warrants further evaluation taking into account the difficulties reported in this study.
-
To review the evidence regarding the reversal of neuromuscular block (NMB) in companion animals with emphasis on the development and use of newer agents. ⋯ Residual NMB has been shown to increase morbidity and mortality in humans and needs to be avoided. It can be detected only by adequate neuromuscular monitoring. The proper use of reversal agents avoids residual NMB and recurarization should not occur. Anticholinesterase inhibitors, such as edrophonium and neostigmine have been used to reverse NMB when the need for this has been established. Reversal is influenced by several factors and a number of undesirable side- effects of these drugs have been reported. Sugammadex, a γ-cyclodextrin, which was designed specifically to encapsulate rocuronium, is more rapid in its actions, has fewer side effects and can reverse profound NMB induced by aminosteroidal muscle relaxants.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
The effects of diazepam or midazolam on the dose of propofol required to induce anaesthesia in cats.
Assess effects of benzodiazepine administration on the propofol dose required to induce anaesthesia in healthy cats, investigate differences between midazolam and diazepam, and determine an optimal benzodiazepine dose for co-induction. ⋯ Midazolam (0.2-0.5 mg kg(-1) ) and diazepam (0.3-0.5 mg kg(-1) ) administered IV after 2 mg kg(-1) propofol significantly reduced the propofol dose required for tracheal intubation.
-
To assess accuracy of noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) measured by oscillometric device Sentinel compared to invasive blood pressure (IBP) in anaesthetized horses undergoing surgery. To assess if differences between the NIBP measured by the Sentinel and IBP are associated with recumbency, cuff placement, weight of the horse or acepromazine premedication and to describe usefulness of the Sentinel. ⋯ According to the high variability of NIBP compared to IBP, NIBP measurements as measured by the Sentinel in the manner described here are not considered as an appropriate alternative to IBP to measure blood pressure in anaesthetized horses.
-
This study aimed to evaluate the benefit and specifically the feasibility of using ultrasound in ophthalmologic periconal block, and the occurrence of complications. ⋯ Ultrasonography is a painless, noninvasive tool that may improve safety of ophthalmic regional blocks, potentially by reducing the prevalence of globe perforation or penetration of the optic nerve associated with the needle-based techniques.