Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Evaluation of intravenous administration of alfaxalone, propofol, and ketamine-diazepam for anesthesia in alpacas.
To evaluate the effects of induction of anesthesia with alfaxalone in alpacas. ⋯ All protocols were adequate for induction of anesthesia. Alfaxalone alone in unpremedicated alpacas is not recommended.
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Clinical Trial
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling of intravenous buprenorphine in conscious horses.
Describe the pharmacokinetics of buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine in horses and to relate the plasma buprenorphine concentration to the pharmacodynamic effects. ⋯ The suitability of the use of buprenorphine for peri-operative analgesia in the horse is supported by the present study.
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Review
The immune response to anesthesia: part 2 sedatives, opioids, and injectable anesthetic agents.
To review the immune response to injectable anesthetics and sedatives and to compare the immunomodulatory properties between inhalation and injectable anesthetic protocols. ⋯ Sedatives, injectable anesthetics, opioids, and local anesthetics have immunomodulatory effects that may have positive or negative consequences on disease processes such as endotoxemia, generalized sepsis, tumor growth and metastasis, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Therefore, anesthetists should consider the immunomodulatory effects of anesthetic drugs when designing anesthetic protocols for their patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of propofol with ketofol, a propofol-ketamine admixture, for induction of anaesthesia in healthy dogs.
To compare anaesthetic induction in healthy dogs using propofol or ketofol (a propofol-ketamine mixture). ⋯ Induction of anaesthesia with ketofol resulted in higher PR and MAP than when propofol was used, but lower f(R). Quality of induction and tracheal intubation were consistently good with ketofol, but more variable when using propofol.
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Comparative Study
Alfaxalone or ketamine-medetomidine in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy: a comparison of intra-operative parameters and post-operative pain.
To compare post-operative pain in cats after alfaxalone or ketamine- medetomidine anaesthesia for ovariohysterectomy (OHE) and physiologic parameters during and after surgery. ⋯ Anaesthesia with ketamine-medetomidine was found to provide better post-surgical analgesia than alfaxalone in cats undergoing OHE; however, primary hyperalgesia developed in both groups. Alfaxalone is suitable for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia in cats undergoing OHE, but administration of additional sedative and analgesic drugs is highly recommended.