Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Evaluation of the isoflurane-sparing effects of fentanyl, lidocaine, ketamine, dexmedetomidine, or the combination lidocaine-ketamine-dexmedetomidine during ovariohysterectomy in dogs.
To evaluate the isoflurane-sparing effects of an intravenous (IV) constant rate infusion (CRI) of fentanyl, lidocaine, ketamine, dexmedetomidine, or lidocaine-ketamine-dexmedetomidine (LKD) in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. ⋯ At the doses administered, FENT and LKD had greater isoflurane-sparing effect than LIDO, KET or CONTROL/BUT, but not at all times. Low HR during FENT may limit improvement in MAP expected with reduced Fe'Iso.
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Anaesthetized horses commonly become hypoxaemic due to ventilation/perfusion (V·A/Q·) mismatch and increased pulmonary shunt fraction (Qs·/Qt·). Pulse-delivered inhaled nitric oxide may improve oxygenation but may increase plasma concentration of the potent vasoconstrictor, endothelin-1 (ET-1). Objectives: Study 1) compare arterial oxygen concentration (PaO2) and saturation (SaO2), calculated Qs·/Qt· and ET-1 concentration; and Study 2) assess V·A/Q· matching and measured Qs·/Qt· in isoflurane-anaesthetized horses in left lateral recumbency receiving pulse-delivered inhaled nitric oxide (PiNO group) or inhalant gas only (C group). ⋯ PiNO delivered in the initial portion of the inspiration effectively relieves hypoxaemia in anaesthetized horses by improving V·A/Q· matching and decreasing Qs·/Qt· without affecting ET-1.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of postoperative effects between lidocaine infusion, meloxicam, and their combination in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy.
To compare the postoperative analgesic effects of intravenous (IV) lidocaine, meloxicam, and their combination in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. ⋯ This study suggests that, with the scoring system used, IV lidocaine and meloxicam provide similar and adequate post-operative analgesia in healthy dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of tramadol alone, in combination with meloxicam or dipyrone, on postoperative pain and the analgesic requirement in dogs undergoing unilateral mastectomy with or without ovariohysterectomy.
To compare the effects of tramadol alone, or in combination with dipyrone or meloxicam, on postoperative pain and analgesia requirement after unilateral mastectomy with or without ovariohysterectomy in dogs. ⋯ Under the conditions of this study, tramadol alone or in combination with dypyrone or meloxicam provided effective analgesia for 24 hours in most dogs after unilateral mastectomy with or without ovariohysterectomy. Further evaluation of combination therapies is needed in larger groups of dogs.
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To evaluate the influence of different inspired oxygen fractions (FiO2) on pulmonary oxygen exchange and Tei-index of myocardial performance in propofol-anesthetized dogs. ⋯ An FiO2 of 1.0 and 0.21 impaired respiratory efficiency.