The lancet oncology
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The lancet oncology · Sep 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of enzalutamide on time to first skeletal-related event, pain, and quality of life in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer: results from the randomised, phase 3 AFFIRM trial.
In the AFFIRM trial of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer after progression with docetaxel treatment, enzalutamide significantly increased overall survival compared with placebo. Here we present the prospectively defined analyses of some secondary endpoints, including occurrence of skeletal-related events, measures of pain control, and patient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL). ⋯ Astellas Pharma and Medivation.
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The lancet oncology · Sep 2014
ReviewGuidance on the management of diarrhoea during cancer chemotherapy.
Diarrhoea induced by chemotherapy in cancer patients is common, causes notable morbidity and mortality, and is managed inconsistently. Previous management guidelines were based on poor evidence and neglect physiological causes of chemotherapy-induced diarrhoea. In the absence of level 1 evidence from randomised controlled trials, we developed practical guidance for clinicians based on a literature review by a multidisciplinary team of clinical oncologists, dietitians, gastroenterologists, medical oncologists, nurses, pharmacist, and a surgeon. ⋯ Adequate--and, if necessary, repeated--assessment, appropriate use of loperamide, and knowledge of fluid resuscitation requirements of affected patients is the second crucial step. Use of octreotide and seeking specialist advice early for patients who do not respond to treatment will reduce morbidity and mortality. In view of the burden of chemotherapy-induced diarrhoea, appropriate multidisciplinary research to assess meaningful endpoints is urgently required.
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The lancet oncology · Sep 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyLanreotide delays progression of neuroendocrine tumours.
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The lancet oncology · Sep 2014
Fertility preservation for girls and young women with cancer: population-based validation of criteria for ovarian tissue cryopreservation.
Ovarian tissue cryopreservation with later reimplantation has been shown to preserve fertility in adult women, but this approach remains unproven and experimental in children and adolescents. We aimed to assess the use of the Edinburgh selection criteria for ovarian tissue cryopreservation in girls and young women with cancer to determine whether we are offering this invasive procedure to the patients who are most at risk of premature ovarian insufficiency. ⋯ UK Medical Research Council.
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The lancet oncology · Sep 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyPembrolizumab for treatment of refractory melanoma.