The lancet oncology
-
The lancet oncology · Aug 2019
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyNBTXR3, a first-in-class radioenhancer hafnium oxide nanoparticle, plus radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in patients with locally advanced soft-tissue sarcoma (Act.In.Sarc): a multicentre, phase 2-3, randomised, controlled trial.
Pathological complete response to preoperative treatment in adults with soft-tissue sarcoma can be achieved in only a few patients receiving radiotherapy. This phase 2-3 trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of the hafnium oxide (HfO2) nanoparticle NBTXR3 activated by radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone as a pre-operative treatment in patients with locally advanced soft-tissue sarcoma. ⋯ Nanobiotix SA.
-
Evidence to date shows that immune checkpoint inhibitors have little benefit in most patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Intense interest is focused on identifying and developing rational combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors and different therapeutic interventions to enhance response rates and overcome immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance. Combining radiotherapy, a primary HNSCC treatment modality, with immunotherapy has been shown to induce potent antitumour immune responses in many cancers including HNSCC. ⋯ In this Series paper, we examine how radiotherapy can be used to its maximum therapeutic potential in the setting of immunotherapy treatment for HNSCC by focusing on published clinical and preclinical data. We rely on preclinical evidence for this disease to discuss how radiotherapy can help create and maintain an immunologically permissive environment. Our hope is that such mechanistic insights will provide a foundation for maximising the use of radioimmunotherapy in disease control, designing future trials, interpreting emerging immunotherapy data, and accelerating discovery within radioimmunotherapy interventions for HNSCC.