The lancet oncology
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The lancet oncology · Dec 2015
ReviewA risk management approach for imaging biomarker-driven clinical trials in oncology.
Imaging has steadily evolved in clinical cancer research as a result of improved conventional imaging methods and the innovation of new functional and molecular imaging techniques. Despite this evolution, the design and data quality derived from imaging within clinical trials are not ideal and gaps exist with paucity of optimised methods, constraints of trial operational support, and scarce resources. ⋯ Ignorance of these pitfalls directly affects the quality of the imaging read-out, leading to trial failure, particularly when imaging is a primary endpoint. Therefore, we propose a practical risk-based framework and recommendations for trials driven by imaging biomarkers, which allow identification of risks at trial initiation to better allocate resources and prioritise key tasks.
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The lancet oncology · Dec 2015
Comparative StudyProstate cancer screening in men aged 50-69 years (STHLM3): a prospective population-based diagnostic study.
The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is used to screen for prostate cancer but has a high false-positive rate that translates into unnecessary prostate biopsies and overdiagnosis of low-risk prostate cancers. We aimed to develop and validate a model to identify high-risk prostate cancer (with a Gleason score of at least 7) with better test characteristics than that provided by PSA screening alone. ⋯ Stockholm County Council (Stockholms Läns Landsting).
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The lancet oncology · Dec 2015
Germline genetic variation in ETV6 and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a systematic genetic study.
Hereditary predisposition is rarely suspected for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Recent reports of germline ETV6 variations associated with substantial familial clustering of haematological malignancies indicated that this gene is a potentially important genetic determinant for ALL susceptibility. Our aims in this study were to comprehensively identify ALL predisposition variants in ETV6 and to determine the extent to which they contributed to the overall risk of childhood ALL. ⋯ US National Institutes of Health and American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities.