The lancet oncology
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The lancet oncology · Sep 2014
ReviewStatins and breast cancer prognosis: evidence and opportunities.
Much preclinical and epidemiological evidence supports the anticancer effects of statins. Epidemiological evidence does not suggest an association between statin use and reduced incidence of breast cancer, but does support a protective effect of statins--especially simvastatin--on breast cancer recurrence. ⋯ If a protective effect of statins on breast cancer recurrence is supported by trial evidence, then the indications for a safe, well tolerated, and inexpensive treatment can be expanded to improve outcomes for breast cancer survivors. We discuss several trial design opportunities--including candidate predictive biomarkers of statin safety and efficacy--and offer solutions to the key challenges involved in the enrolment, follow-up, and analysis of such a trial.
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The lancet oncology · Sep 2014
Review Meta AnalysisTrilateral retinoblastoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
About 5% of children with retinoblastoma from germline mutation of the RB1 gene are at risk of developing trilateral retinoblastoma--intraocular retinoblastoma combined with a histologically similar brain tumour, most commonly in the pineal gland. We aimed to provide a systematic overview of published data for trilateral retinoblastoma, and to analyse how survival has changed. ⋯ None.
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The lancet oncology · Sep 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyActive monitoring, radical prostatectomy, or radiotherapy for localised prostate cancer: study design and diagnostic and baseline results of the ProtecT randomised phase 3 trial.
Prostate cancer is a major public health problem with considerable uncertainties about the effectiveness of population screening and treatment options. We report the study design, participant sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and the initial results of the testing and diagnostic phase of the Prostate testing for cancer and Treatment (ProtecT) trial, which aims to investigate the effectiveness of treatments for localised prostate cancer. ⋯ UK National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment Programme.
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The lancet oncology · Sep 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyFlexible sigmoidoscopy screening for colorectal cancer.