The lancet oncology
-
The lancet oncology · Aug 2019
ReviewRational combinations of immunotherapy with radiotherapy in ovarian cancer.
Except for its use in palliative care, radiotherapy has been largely abandoned in the management of ovarian cancer because of the recognised efficacy and lower toxicity of systemic chemotherapy compared with radiotherapy. New data have emerged that show synergy of radiotherapy with immunotherapy to control or eradicate cancer. ⋯ This Series paper discusses the past and present use of radiotherapy for ovarian cancer, and the mechanisms by which radiotherapy can mobilise anticancer immunity. We provide emerging preclinical and clinical data for combining immunotherapy with radiotherapy for ovarian cancer treatment and offer a clinical development roadmap to guide the next generation of clinical trials for this combination strategy for this disease.
-
The lancet oncology · Aug 2019
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEpacadostat plus pembrolizumab versus placebo plus pembrolizumab in patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma (ECHO-301/KEYNOTE-252): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind study.
Immunotherapy combination treatments can improve patient outcomes. Epacadostat, an IDO1 selective inhibitor, and pembrolizumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, showed promising antitumour activity in the phase 1-2 ECHO-202/KEYNOTE-037 study in advanced melanoma. In this trial, we aimed to compare progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with unresectable stage III or IV melanoma receiving epacadostat plus pembrolizumab versus placebo plus pembrolizumab. ⋯ Incyte Corporation, in collaboration with Merck Sharp & Dohme.
-
The lancet oncology · Aug 2019
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyMRI versus mammography for breast cancer screening in women with familial risk (FaMRIsc): a multicentre, randomised, controlled trial.
Approximately 15% of all breast cancers occur in women with a family history of breast cancer, but for whom no causative hereditary gene mutation has been found. Screening guidelines for women with familial risk of breast cancer differ between countries. We did a randomised controlled trial (FaMRIsc) to compare MRI screening with mammography in women with familial risk. ⋯ Dutch Government ZonMw, Dutch Cancer Society, A Sister's Hope, Pink Ribbon, Stichting Coolsingel, J&T Rijke Stichting.
-
The lancet oncology · Aug 2019
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyRegorafenib dose-optimisation in patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (ReDOS): a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 2 study.
Regorafenib confers an overall survival benefit in patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer; however, the adverse event profile of regorafenib has limited its use. Despite no supportive evidence, various dosing schedules are used clinically to alleviate toxicities. This study evaluated the safety and activity of two regorafenib dosing schedules. ⋯ Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals.