Emergency medicine journal : EMJ
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To determine the relation between deprivation category, triage score and accident and emergency (A&E) attendance for children under the age of 13. ⋯ Attendance at A&E is not only related to severity of injury but also to deprivation category. The reason why people from disadvantaged areas attend more frequently needs further evaluation.
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To identify overall, seasonal, sex and age specific national trends in community violence from an accident and emergency (A&E) department perspective. ⋯ There was no overall significant change in levels of violence between 1995-1998 from an A&E department perspective. Numbers of women injured and those aged 31-50 increased significantly. The incidence of injury sustained in community violence is biphasic: is highest during July to September and lowest during February to April. National A&E department violence surveillance provides a unique perspective.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Intravenous ketamine plus midazolam is superior to intranasal midazolam for emergency paediatric procedural sedation.
This study compared intranasal midazolam (INM) with a combination of intravenous ketamine and intravenous midazolam (IVKM) for sedation of children requiring minor procedures in the emergency department. ⋯ Intravenous ketamine plus midazolam used in an appropriate setting by experienced personnel provides an excellent means of achieving sedation suitable for most non-painful minor procedures for children in the emergency department. This combination is superior to INM in terms of speed of onset and consistency of effect. INM delivered via aerosol spray has a more variable effect but may still be adequate for the completion of many of these procedures.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Sedation for children requiring wound repair: a randomised controlled double blind comparison of oral midazolam and oral ketamine.
To compare the efficacy of oral ketamine (10 mg/kg) with oral midazolam (0.7 mg/kg) in providing sedation for suturing of lacerations. ⋯ At these doses tolerance to LA injection was better in children receiving ketamine, with fewer behavioural changes noted in the first two weeks. Midazolam at this dose caused dysphoric reactions, which may have affected the results. Continuous pulse oximetry monitoring is required when using these drugs. Vomiting and prolonged ataxia occurred in a few patients.