Cancer medicine
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Reversibility of delirium in Ill-hospitalized cancer patients: Does underlying etiology matter?
The objective of this study was to explore the underlying etiologies associated with the resolution and improvement of delirium in ill-hospitalized cancer patients. ⋯ Delirium caused by nonrespiratory infection may be reversible, while delirium associated with dehydration, organic damage to the CNS, hypoxia, or hyponatremia seems to be irreversible in ill-hospitalized cancer patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Phase III randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside for the prevention of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neurotoxicity in stage II/III colorectal cancer.
Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) is a neuroprotective glycosphingolipid that repairs nerves. Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy is neurotoxic. This study assessed the efficacy of GM1 for preventing oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (OIPN) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients receiving oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. ⋯ Patients receiving GM1 were less troubled by the symptoms of acute neuropathy. However, we do not support the use of GM1 to prevent cumulative neurotoxicity. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02251977).
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A retrospective analysis verified the role of gene mutations in brain metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ⋯ An EGFR mutation, and ALK and RET gene fusions are risk factors for brain metastasis in advanced NSCLC patients.
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The goal of this study was to delineate the patterns of distant metastasis from colon adenocarcinoma (CAC) and evaluate the survival differences by metastatic patterns. ⋯ The site of distant metastasis and number of metastasis site were independent prognostic factors for survival of patients with stage IV CAC. This study highlights the need for diverse treatment strategies for patients with different metastatic patterns.
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Advanced pancreatic cancer (APC) patients often have substantial symptom burden. In Ontario, patients routinely complete the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS), which screens for nine symptoms (scale: 0-10), in cancer clinics. We explored the association between baseline patient-reported outcomes, via ESAS, and overall survival (OS). ⋯ Higher burden of patient-reported outcome was associated with reduced OS among APC patients. The effect was prominent after adjusting for ECOG status.