Cancer medicine
-
Conventional cytogenetics can categorize patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) into favorable, intermediate, and unfavorable-risk groups; however, patients with intermediate-risk cytogenetics represent the major population with variable outcomes. Because molecular profiling can assist with AML prognosis and next-generation sequencing allows simultaneous sequencing of many target genes, we analyzed 260 genes in 112 patients with de novo AML who received standard treatment. ⋯ We concluded that integration of cytogenetic and molecular profiling improves prognostic stratification of patients into three groups with more distinct prognoses (P < 0.001) and significantly reduces the number of patients classified as intermediate risk. In addition, our study demonstrates that next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based multi-gene sequencing is clinically applicable in establishing an accurate risk stratification system for guiding therapeutic decisions.
-
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been used as promising diagnostic biomarkers for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We performed miRNA expression profiling using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) based Exiqon panels from three ESCC pools and one normal control (NC) pool samples. Using qRT-PCR, identified serum miRNAs were further confirmed in training (32 ESCC vs. 32 NCs) and testing stages (108 ESCC vs. 96 NCs). ⋯ The expression levels of the miRNAs were also determined in tissues, arterial serum, and exosomes. MiR-20b-5p, miR-28-3p, and miR-192-5p were significantly upregulated in ESCC tissues, while miR-296-5p was overexpressed in ESCC serum exosomes. In conclusion, we identified a 5-miRNA signature in serum for the detection of ESCC.
-
Although erlotinib (ERL) has drawn more and more attention toward its anticancer properties effect, the underlying mechanisms of ERL's anticancer properties effect remain unclear yet. So, the aim of this research was to explore the underlying anticancer mechanisms of ERL and to explore whether the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway contributed to the anticancer properties provided by ERL. In our study, we used MTT assay to detect the anticell growth ability of ERL on human non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines (A549). ⋯ In addition, c-Jun and cleaved caspase-3 were also activated by the phosphorylated JNK induced by ERL. All of these proapoptosis effect of ERL was reversed by administration of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which performed as a ROS scavenger. Our results suggest that ERL induces A549 cells apoptosis via activating ROS-dependent JNK pathways in human non-small lung cancer cells that provide a new experimental foundation for cancer therapy.
-
Several E3 ubiquitin ligases have been confirmed that they are related to the tumorigenesis. This study aims to find the tongue cancer-related E3 ubiquitin ligase. The E3 ubiquitin ligase library was screened. ⋯ Furthermore, RNF135 regulates the tumorigenesis activity of SCC25 cells in vivo. Our results demonstrated that RNF135 had the potential to affect the development of the tongue cancer in vitro. The further in vivo study is helpful to fully understand the role of it.
-
Comparative Study
Patients with ROS1 rearrangement-positive non-small-cell lung cancer benefit from pemetrexed-based chemotherapy.
ROS1 gene-rearrangement in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients has recently been identified as a driver gene and benefited from crizotinib treatment. However, no data are available for ROS1-positive NSCLC about chemotherapeutic options and prognostic data. We investigated pemetrexed-based treatment efficacy in ROS1 translocation NSCLC patients and determined the expression of thymidylate synthetase (TS) to provide a rationale for the efficacy results. ⋯ The TS mRNA level was lower in patients with ROS1-positive than ROS1-negative patients (264 ± 469 × 10-4 vs. 469 ± 615 × 10-4 , P = 0.03), but similar with ALK-positive patients (264 ± 469 × 10-4 vs. 317 ± 524 × 10-4 , P = 0.64). Patients diagnosed with ROS1 translocation lung adenocarcinoma may benefit from pemetrexed-based chemotherapy. TS mRNA level enables the selection of therapeutic options for ROS1 translocation patients.