International immunopharmacology
-
Int. Immunopharmacol. · Dec 2020
Association between tumor mutation burden and immune infiltration in ovarian cancer.
It remains unclear whether the tumor mutation burden (TMB) or a TMB-related signature could be prognostic indicators in ovarian cancer (OC), as potential correlations with immune infiltrates and immunotherapy responsiveness remains poorly understood. ⋯ We examined the prognostic value of TMB and its potential association with immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy responsiveness in OC. A TMB-related prognostic signature consisting of 8 genes was developed and verified, which might be a promising prognostic signature for the prognosis of OC patients.
-
Int. Immunopharmacol. · Dec 2020
Puerarin alleviates vincristine-induced neuropathic pain and neuroinflammation via inhibition of nuclear factor-κB and activation of the TGF-β/Smad pathway in rats.
Chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain harms the quality of life patients. Vincristine is an often used chemotherapeutic drug that evokes neuralgia via inflammation. Puerarin (Pue) extracted from Puerariae Lobatae Radix has analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects; however, its possible effect and mechanism in vincristine (Vin)-induced neuropathic pain has not been investigated. ⋯ Immunofluorescence staining further demonstrated that Pue decreased the NF-κBp65 protein. Our findings imply that Pue relieved chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain might be attributable to the suppression of inflammation cytokines. The anti-inflammation action of Pue might be associated with the activation of the TGF-β/Smad pathway, a novel mechanism exploring its prophylactic effect in vincristine-induced neuropathic pain.
-
Int. Immunopharmacol. · Nov 2020
Meta AnalysisSarcopenia affects clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
The clinical impact of sarcopenia on the immune checkpoint inhibitor's (ICI) efficacy and immune-related adverse events in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients is unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between sarcopenia and clinical outcomes of ICI immunotherapy. ⋯ Sarcopenia was associated with worse treatment response and shorter long-term efficacy in NSCLC patients treated with ICI immunotherapy. Moreover, sarcopenia does not increase the rate of immune-related adverse events.
-
Int. Immunopharmacol. · Nov 2020
Clinical TrialPromising effects of tocilizumab in COVID-19: A non-controlled, prospective clinical trial.
The clinical presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection ranges from mild symptoms to severe complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome. In this syndrome, inflammatory cytokines are released after activation of the inflammatory cascade, with the predominant role of interleukin (IL)-6. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of tocilizumab, as an IL-6 antagonist, in patients with severe or critical SARS-CoV-2 infection. ⋯ Based on the current results, tocilizumab may be a promising agent for patients with severe or critical SARS-CoV-2 infection, if promptly initiated during the severe stage.
-
Int. Immunopharmacol. · Nov 2020
ReviewOverview of the current promising approaches for the development of an effective severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic infectious disease caused by the novel coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. There is a gap in our understanding regarding the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19. However, many clinical trials are underway across the world for screening effective drugs against COVID-19. ⋯ The vaccines are deemed as a significant part of disease prevention for emerging viral diseases, since, in several cases, other therapeutic choices are limited or non-existent, or that diseases result in such an accelerated clinical worsening that the efficacy of treatments is restricted. Therefore, effective vaccines against COVID-19 are urgently required to overcome the tremendous burden of mortality and morbidity correlated with SARS-CoV-2. In this review, we will describe the latest evidence regarding outstanding vaccine approaches and the challenges for vaccine production.