Diabetologia
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The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between type 2 diabetes mellitus, area-based socioeconomic status (SES) and cardiovascular disease mortality in Scotland. ⋯ Absolute risk of cardiovascular mortality is higher in people with diabetes than in the non-diabetic population and increases with increasing deprivation. The relative impact of diabetes on cardiovascular mortality differs by SES, and further efforts to reduce cardiovascular risk both in deprived groups and people with diabetes are required. Prevention of diabetes may reduce socioeconomic health inequalities.
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Pancreatic beta cell destruction in type 1 diabetes may be mediated by cytokines such as IL-1β, IFN-γ and TNF-α. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) signalling are activated by cytokines, but their significance in beta cells remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of cytokine-induced ER stress and NFκB signalling in beta cell destruction. ⋯ These data suggest a novel mechanism by which cytokine-mediated ER stress interacts with NFκB signalling in beta cells, by regulating IκBα degradation. The cross-talk between the UPR and NFκB signalling pathways may be important in the regulation of cytokine-mediated beta cell death.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Relationship between HbA1c levels and risk of cardiovascular adverse outcomes and all-cause mortality in overweight and obese cardiovascular high-risk women and men with type 2 diabetes.
The optimal HbA(1c) concentration for prevention of macrovascular complications and deaths in obese cardiovascular high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes remains to be established and was therefore studied in this post hoc analysis of the Sibutramine Cardiovascular OUTcomes (SCOUT) trial, which enrolled overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease. ⋯ In overweight, cardiovascular high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes, increasing HbA(1c) concentrations were associated with increasing risks of cardiovascular adverse outcomes and all-cause mortality.
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Our objective was to examine the trends in prepregnancy BMI and glycaemic control among Finnish type 1 diabetic patients and their relation to delivery mode and perinatal outcome. ⋯ Self-reported pregestational BMI has increased and glycaemic control during the second half of pregnancy has deteriorated. Poor glycaemic control seems to be associated with the observed increases in adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes.