Clinical medicine (London, England)
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The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) updated its guidelines for chronic heart failure (HF) in 2010. This re-audit assessed interim improvement as compared with an audit in 2011. Patients with HF (preserved and reduced ejection fraction) attending a tertiary cardiac centre over a 2-year period (January 2013-December 2014) were audited. ⋯ Although 100% of patients were educated about exercise, only 21 (4%) enrolled in a supervised exercise programme. This audit demonstrated high rates of documentation, follow-up and compliance with guideline-based medical therapies. A consistent finding was poor access to cardiac rehabilitation.
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Case Reports
A new urticarial rash, diarrhoea and refractory hypotension in a man with a history of migraines.
We present the case of a man with a history of migraines treated with propanolol, referred with a rash, diarrhoea, vomiting and hypotension. Our case highlights how prior beta-blocker use may prolong anaphylaxis and cause refractory hypotension.
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Over the last year, hundreds of thousands of refugees fleeing war and persecution have travelled from the Middle East to Europe. Arduous journeys and poor living conditions are causing myriad health problems and access to basic healthcare is extremely limited for those on the move. ⋯ Pregnant women are frequently unable to access antenatal care in Europe and the vaccination rate for refugee children is worrying low. Those who have suffered traumatic experiences in their home country are highly susceptible to developing psychological problems; an issue compounded by poverty, their displacement and being victims of violence.
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Stroke services have been centralised in several countries in recent years. Diagnosing acute stroke is challenging and a high proportion of patients admitted to stroke units are diagnosed as a non-stroke condition (stroke mimics). This study aims to describe the stroke mimic patient group, including their impact on stroke services. ⋯ Despite emergency department assessment by specialist clinicians and computed tomography brain, one in four suspected stroke patients admitted to hospital had a non-stroke diagnosis. Stroke mimics represent a heterogeneous patient group with significant impacts on stroke services. Co-location of stroke and acute neurology services may offer advantages where service reorganisation is being considered.
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Sarcopenia and frailty are important conditions that become increasingly prevalent with age. Sarcopenia is the loss of muscle mass and function, and frailty can be defined as multi-system impairment associated with increased vulnerability to stressors. There is overlap between the two conditions, especially in terms of the physical aspects of the frailty phenotype: low grip strength, gait speed and muscle mass. ⋯ In terms of intervention, there is evidence for the benefit of resistance exercise programmes, although these may not always be feasible. Considerable research into the use of medicines, both existing and new, as well as dietary supplements is ongoing. Finally in order to prevent or delay the development of these conditions, an additional approach is to consider aetiological factors operating across the life course.