MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports
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These addenda for Volumes 1 and 2 of the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM), are reported by the World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Classification of Diseases for North America at the National Center for Health Statistics. These addenda replace the addendum containing codes for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (042.0-044.9) that were effective January 1, 1988. ⋯ The structure of the classification, the codes within the classification, and the manner in which the codes may be used remain unchanged. These changes are effective only for morbidity purposes; the cause-of-death codes are unchanged.
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The occurrence of tuberculosis among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has prompted the development of guidelines for the management of those who may have both tuberculous and HIV infections (1). These guidelines include the recommendation that all persons who are known to be infected with HIV, or are at increased risk of HIV infection, receive a tuberculin skin test (Mantoux test with tuberculin units 5 [TU] of purified protein derivative [PPD]-tuberculin). Those persons who have at least a 5 mm reaction to PPD should be considered for 1 year of isoniazid preventive therapy, unless otherwise contraindicated.
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Although guidelines have been established for prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) for adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, they have not been available for children (1). Experts in pediatric HIV infection (convened by the Pediatric HIV Resource Center) independently reviewed recent data and provided recommendations to the U. ⋯ Public Health Service for PCP prophylaxis for HIV-infected or -exposed children. This report summarizes these deliberations and details the consensus guidelines.
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In 1989, the Department of Health and Human Services Advisory Committee for Elimination of Tuberculosis published a plan for eliminating tuberculosis from the United States by the year 2010. This plan gives a top priority to implementing strategies to prevent tuberculosis in high-incidence groups. Foreign-born persons (as a group) residing in the United States have higher rates of tuberculosis than persons born in the United States. ⋯ Deficiencies in the current screening methods should be corrected. The policy requiring that persons found to have infectious tuberculosis (known or suspected) be prevented from entering the country until treatment has rendered them noninfectious should be continued; however, persons with noninfectious tuberculosis should be permitted to enter the United States. Tuberculin skin testing and preventive therapy programs for foreign-born persons must be expanded both overseas and domestically if the goal of eliminating tuberculosis from the United States by the year 2010 is to be met.
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Practice Guideline Guideline
Rubella prevention. Recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP).
These revised Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP) recommendations for the prevention of rubella update the previous recommendations (MMWR 1984;33:301-10,315-8) to include implementation of a new two-dose schedule for measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. Current information about vaccine effectiveness, duration of immunity, vaccination in pregnancy, and progress in controlling congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) is also included.