Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma
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J Clin Orthop Trauma · Jul 2018
Review3D printing and its applications in orthopaedic trauma: A technological marvel.
With rapid emergence of 3D printing technology, surgeons have recently started to apply this for nearly all areas of orthopaedic trauma surgery. Computed tomography or magnetic resonance images of trauma patients can be utilized for making graspable objects from 3D reconstructed images. Patient specific anatomical models can thereby be created. They enhance surgeon's knowledge of their patients' precise patho-anatomy, regarding both traumatized bones and soft tissue as well as normal areas, and therefore help in accurate preoperative planning. 3D printed patient specific instrumentation can help to achieve precise implant placement, and better surgical results. Most importantly, customized implants, casts, orthoses and prosthetics can be manufactured to match an individual's anatomy. Three dimensional (3D) printing, also called as 'additive manufacturing' and 'rapid prototyping' is considered as the "second industrial revolution", and this appears to be especially true for orthopaedic trauma surgery. ⋯ All over the world, orthopaedic Surgeon's and allied professionals and scientists are enthusiastically using 3D printing technology for designing patient specific models, instrumentation, implants, orthosis and prosthesis, besides 3D bioprinting of bone and cartilage scaffolding, and the same has been applied for nearly all areas of orthopaedic trauma surgery, from head to foot.
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J Clin Orthop Trauma · Jul 2018
ReviewThe evolution of three-dimensional technology in musculoskeletal oncology.
Musculoskeletal tumours pose considerable challenges for the orthopaedic surgeon during pre-operative planning, resection and reconstruction. Improvements in imaging technology have improved the diagnostic process of these tumours. Despite this, studies have highlighted the difficulties in achieving consistent resection free margins especially in tumours of the pelvis and spine when using conventional methods. ⋯ Similarly, navigation technology utilizes CT or MRI images to provides surgeons with real time intraoperative three-dimensional calibration of instruments. It has been shown to potentially allow surgeons to perform more accurate resections. These technological advancements have the potential to greatly impact the management of musculoskeletal tumours. 3D planning models, patient-specific instruments and customized 3DP implants and navigation should not be thought of as separate, but rather, patient-specific adaptation of relevant modes of application should be selected on a case-by-case basis when taking all unique factors of each case into consideration.
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J Clin Orthop Trauma · Apr 2018
Prophylactic inferior vena cava filters in patients with fractures of the pelvis or long bones.
Which patients with fractures, if any, have a lower mortality with prophylactic inferior vena cava filters has yet to be established. The purpose of this investigation is to determine if patients with low-risk fractures might benefit from a prophylactic inferior vena cava filter. ⋯ The evidence is against the use of a prophylactic inferior cava vena filter in patients with a non-complex pelvic fracture or single fracture of the femur or fracture of the tibia and/or fibula.
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J Clin Orthop Trauma · Nov 2017
Role of autologous non-vascularised intramedullary fibular strut graft in humeral shaft nonunions following failed plating.
Non-union humeral shaft fractures are seen frequently in clinical practice at about 2-10% in conservative management and 30% in surgically operated patients. Osteosynthesis using dynamic compression plate (DCP), intramedullary nailing, locking compression plate (LCP), Ilizarov technique along with bone grafting have been reported previously. In cases of prior failed plate-screw osteosynthesis the resultant osteopenia, cortical defect, bone loss, scalloping around screws and metallosis, make the management of non-union more complicated. Fibular graft as an intramedullary strut is useful in these conditions by increasing screw purchase, union and mechanical stability. This study is a retrospective and prospective follow up of revision plating along with autologous non-vascularised intramedullary fibular strut graft (ANVFG) for humeral non-unions following failed plate osteosynthesis. ⋯ Seventy eight cases of nonunion humeral shaft fractures were managed in our institute between 2008 and 2015. Of these, 57 cases were failed plate osteosynthesis, in which 15 cases were infected and 42 cases were noninfected. Out of the 78 cases, bone grafting was done in 55 cases. Fibular strut graft was used in 22 patients, of which 4 cases were of primary nonunion with osteoporotic bone. Applying the exclusion criteria of infection and inclusion criteria of failed plate osteosynthesis managed with revision plating using either LCP or DCP and ANVFG, 17 cases were studied. The mean age of the patients was 40.11 yrs (range: 26-57 yrs). The mean duration of non-union was 4.43 yrs (range: 0.5-14 yrs). The mean follow-up period was 33.41 months (range: 12-94 months). The average length of fibula was 10.7 cm (range: 6-15 cm). Main outcome measurements included bony union by radiographic assessment and pre- and postoperative functional evaluation using the DASH (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand) score. Results: Sixteen out of 17 fractures united following revision plating and fibular strut grafting. Average time taken for union was 3.5 months (range: 3-5 months). Complications included one each of implant failure with bending, transient radial nerve palsy and transient ulnar nerve palsy. No case had infection, graft site morbidity or peroneal nerve palsy. Functional assessment by DASH score improved from 59.14 (range: 43.6-73.21) preoperatively to 23.39 (range: 8.03-34.2) postoperatively (p = 0.0003). Conclusion: The results of our study indicate that revision plating along with ANVFG is a reliable option in humeral diaphyseal non-unions with failed plate-screw osteosynthesis providing adequate screw purchase, mechanical stability and high chances of union with good functional outcome.
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J Clin Orthop Trauma · Nov 2017
Injury mechanism, fracture characteristics and clinical treatment of pilon fracture with intact fibula-A retrospective study of 23 pilon fractures.
The effect of intact fibula on pilon fracture is not completely elucidated. We retrospectively analysed pilon fractures with intact fibula at our hospital over a 4 year period to understand the injury mechanism, fracture characteristics, treatment strategy and prognosis of this fracture. ⋯ Pilon fracture with intact fibula is mostly caused by medium-low energy injury when the ankle is at neutral or varus position. Multi-part fractures commonly occur at the distal tibial articular surface because the energy is concentrated on the tibia. In general, one single anterior approach can complete open reduction and internal fixation operation with satisfactory clinical outcomes in most cases.